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16 October 1831-
16 October 1831- Isabella Hazard of Low Street near Fish Quay became ill and died in England. -
20 October 1831
20 October 1831- Privy Council published a long list of Sir Henry Halford’s new measures aimed at trying to contain cholera should it land in Britain. -
22 October 1831
22 October 1831- the Lancet made an announcement that choler was closing in on British Soil. -
26 October 1831
26 October 1831- William Sproat, a 60 year old keelman from near the Hazard family pub died.His son and granddaughter then became ill. Robert Jordan also died 11 hours after becoming ill. -
31 October 1831
31 October 1831- Dr. Clanny and his colleagues at the infirmary where Sproat’s son and granddaughter had been admitted met to discuss the cases. A shoemaker named Rodenburg also died. So did Thomas Wilson, Eliza Turnbull, Betty Short, and Robert Crawford. Clanny filed a report to London alerting them of the outbreak of continental cholera. -
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End of November 1831
End of November 1831- Drs Barry and Daun confirmed that cholera had arrived in Newcastle upon Tyne (the second largest port in the country after London). Cholera first struck in the poorest communities . -
8 November 1831
8 November 1831- Colonel Creagh informed London that Daun was convinced that the disease killing people in Sunderland was cholera. He then organized a clean-up and supplying the poor with basic necessities. -
11 November 1831
11 November 1831-a mob of merchants and ship owners packed the Commission Room of Sunderland’s grand Exchange building denouncing reports of Asiatic cholera. The next day the town’s doctors denied that cholera was among them to prevent themselves from being blacklisted by merchants and business owners. -
15 November 1831
15 November 1831- Daun and Creagh had a cholera hospital opened for business. -
27 November 1831
27 November 1831- Barry wrote to London confirming that the disease was identical to what had occurred in St. Petersburg. -
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December 1831
December 1831- cholera arrived just south of Edinburgh, 100 milers from north-east England. -
3 December 1831
3 December 1831- seven weeks after cholera first struck, the number of cases in Sunderland stood at over 300 with fourteen patients being diagnosed daily. -
1832
1832- cholera was said to have broken out in London. Calley proposed firing off bags of gunpowder from large cannons at strategic sites around the capitals to purify the city’s atmosphere. -
Summer 1832
Summer 1832- John Snow remained in Killingworth Colliery helping to relieve the suffering of the families in the village with a few successes. -
Autumn 1832
Autumn 1832- a year after the disease had appeared and roughly 32,000 people died in the UK from cholera, the disease petered out. However, John Snow continued to conduct medical research and examine the habits of the Killingworth miners and the conditions in which they and their families lived. -
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January 1832
January 1832- most of the towns and villages on Tyneside were infected, while Newcastle had nearly 900 cases. Newburn lost one-tenth of its population of 550 to cholera. -
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End of January 1832
End of January 1832- the Scottish capital was hit and within days the disease showed itself 400 miles away in London. -
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Beginning of February 1832
Beginning of February 1832- doctors working in some of the poorest parts of London reported ten highly suspicious cases which the Board of Health announced were genuine articles of cholera. -
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End of February 1832
End of February 1832- cholera was in Westminster and Chelsea, in the heart of the city. -
1 April 1832
1 April 1832- the aristocratic Charles Cavendish Fulke Greville, secretary to the Privy Council, noted in his diary the barbarous nature caused by mass panic and disorder that arises from the spread of cholera. Rioting broke out several times in Liverpool during the summer as well. -
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May 1832
May 1832- over 1,300 Londoners were dead from cholera. From London cholera fanned out until it hit nearly every part of the country including Hull, Liverpool, Manchester, Oxford, Exeter, and Bristol. -
2 September 1832
2 September 1832- violence erupted in Manchester when a mob stormed Swan Street Hospital by breaking down the gates, wrecking furniture, and fighting with the police. -
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13-14 September 1832
13-14 September 1832- John Hare visited the hospital to see his four year old grandson whose parents had both died from cholera. He was refused entry but was told his grandson was improving. When he returned the next day he was told his grandson was dead and handed over his body in a coffin only to open it and find the boy’s head had been removed. This did little to inspire public confidence in the medical profession. -
15 September 1832
15 September 1832- Hussars arrived on the scene to restore the peace and calm the riots. -
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October 1836
October 1836- John Snow arrived in Westminster from York to London with a detour in Bath in order to attend a course of lectures and gain London hospital experience. Working his way up from apothecary to surgeon. -
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October 1837
October 1837- John Snow enrolled at the Westminster Hospital (then in Broad Sanctuary opposite Westminster Abbey) for 12 months of clinical practice. -
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May 1838
May 1838- Snow passed the Royal College of Surgeon’s exams . -
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October 1838
October 1838- Snow passed the Society of Apothecaries’ exams. -
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December 1846
December 1846- American mail ship, SS Arcadia, carried news that a dentist had discovered a form of anesthesia using a sponge soaked in ether and a gas inhaler to perform surgery without the patient being conscious. This was later tried by a surgeon, Robert Liston, performing an amputation on 21 December. Snow became interested in ether and the respiratory system and started a series of experiments into the effects of different gases for anesthetic purposes. -
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January 1847
January 1847- Snow presented his findings on using a metal water-bath to keep the ether at the correct temperature, an ether chamber, tubes down which the gas could pass, and a face mask with a valve at a meeting of the Westminster Medical. He later published the textbook On the Inhalation of the Vapour of Ether in Surgical Operations. He later switched his attention to chloroform. -
1848
1848- Cholera was back, advancing from India in a second epidemic, following a similar route to the 1820’s and 1830’s. By the end of July there were over 10,000 deaths in St. Petersburg and 9,000 in Moscow. By August the disease was at the baltic ports. -
Autumn 1848
Autumn 1848- Board of Health under Chadwick issued a stream of guidelines including avoiding vegetables at all cost and taking 20 grains of opium at the first signs and repeating very three to four hours. Chadwick had to withdraw his advice very shortly after. Petrol, cannabis, and electric shock treatment were used to try and treat cholera during this time as well. However, by the time the epidemic was done it was twice as deadly as the first, killing as many as 52,000 people in Britain. -
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September 1848
September 1848- the first official British case of cholera was in London. The government responded by setting up another Board of Health. -
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December 1848
December 1848- a virulent outbreak of cholera hit the children of Surrey Hall, an asylum. -
1 January 1849
1 January 1849- father of two children told the Holborn Board of Guardians, parish authority responsible for the poor, that young inmates were ill and dying. -
Spring 1849
Spring 1849- cholera was reported in 44 towns in England, Scotland, and Wales, and in twelve London parishes. -
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End of January 1849
End of January 1849- 180 children had died of cholera. He then headed to London’s Royal Free Hospital to prepare for the arrival of 157 sick children. -
5 January 1849
5 January 1849- Chadwick dispatched Grainger to investigate where he found the children in extremely poor conditions that were totally inadequate. -
1850
1850- The London Epidemiological Society was set up to study epidemic disease (Snow was one of the founding members). -
1855
1855- Snow was elected as the president of the Medical Society of London.