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Napolean Bonaparte
Napolean Bonaparte was born on the Mediterranean island of Corsica -
Old Order
The social and Political system of France
--3 Estates
1- Clergy
2- Rich nobles
3- bankers,factory owners, merchants, domestic servants, etc -
Economic troubles
France's once properous economy began to deline .
Mostly because of Louis XI and Marie Antoinette extravagant spending -
First Estates General meeting
The second Estate forced Louis to call a meeting of the Estates General to approve of the new tax
The first in 175 years
In Versailles -
Voted for National Assembly
Voted for National Assembly, in effect proclaiming the end of absolute monarchy -
Storming the Bastille
Mob searching for gunpowders and arms stormed the Bastille.
Ever since, July 14 has been a French national holiday. -
Assembly reforms France
Noblemen made grand speech, declaring their love of liberty and equality . By morning, the Old Redgime was dead. -
Great Fear
Thousands of Parisian woman rioted over the price of bread . With weapons the women marched on Versailles, They demanded for the price to go down, then they broke into the palace. -
Divisions Develop
The delegates have made significant changes in France's government and society -
Louis XVI tries to escape
Louis and his family tried to escape from France, however they were found and returned to Paris under guard. -
Legislative assembly
The National Assembly completed the new constitution and created the Legislative Assembly. Which had the power to approve and deny declarations of war. -
National Convention
The new governing body took office -
War
Legislative Assembly declares war on Prussia and Austria -
France at war
The French had it bad and Prussian forces were advancing on Paris.
20,000 people invaded Tuileries and Imprisoned Louis, Marie Antoinette, and their children -
Death of a Revolutionary Leader
The writer of Olympe de Gouges (who published a declaration to women rights) was declared an enemy of the Revolution and was executed -
Robespierre
Maximillian Robespierre slowly gained powe. He set out to build a republic of virtue, by wiping every trace of France's past. -
Louis XVI dies
Louis XVI was beheaded in the guillotine -
The War Continues
the Convention ordered a draft of 300,000 French citizens between 18-40. By 1794 the army had grown to 800,000 and included women -
Reign of Terror
Robespierre becomes leader of the Committee of Public Safety.
-governed France as a dictator
-This period became known as Reign of Terror
By early 1794 George Danton finds himself in fanger.
As many as 40,000 people were executed during the Reign of Terror -
End of Terror
Scared, some members turned against Robespierre.
He was executed in the guillotine -
Napolean Bonaparte
A governemnt officer told Napoleon to defend the delegates -
Hero of the hour
the Directory appointed Napolean Bonaparte to lead a French army aggainst the forces of Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia. -
Coup d'etat
Directory lost control of political situation,and Napolean took power.
Britian, Austria and Russia joined forces to drive Napolean from power.
by 1802 Europe was in peace again. -
Plebiscite
a vote was held to approve a new constitution.
They gave all power to Napoleon as First consul -
How it started
The major political upheavals of the early 1800s had their roots in the French Revolution -
Loss of american territories
Napoleon Bonaparte decided to take back the colony and restore its productive sugar industry.
in 1803 he sold the land for $15 million to America -
Napoleon Bonaparte as emperor
Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself emperor
Did a gesture that signaled he was more powerful than the church. -
Battle Of Austerlitz
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Battle of Trafalgar
In the southwest coast of spain.
Horatio was brilliant at war in the sea, while Napoleon Bonaparte wasn't.
Napoleon Bonaparte's effort to crush Britian was followed by his own downfall. -
The continental system
Napoleon Bonaparte set up a blockade (forcible closing of ports) to prevent all trade. He called this Continental System necause it was supposed to make continental Europe more self-sufficient -
The Peninsular War
Napoleon Bonaparte removed the spanish king and put his own brother in place. This enraged people,
Napoleon lost about 300,000 men in this war -
Napoleon Bonaparte Empire fell
Napoleon Bonaparte was unable to mantain the French Empire for long, it only lasted 1807-1812 -
The Invasion of Russia
Napoleon Bonaparte biggest mistake ever:
He and his 420,000 soldiers marched into Russia, as Napoleon Bonaparte advanced, Alexander pulled back his troop, refusing to be lured into battle.
Scorched-earth policcy was practiced by the Russians -
Battle of Borodino
The 2 armies finally clashed. Aftera while the Russians retreated, letting Napoleon Bonaparte to move into moscow. When he saw that it was in flames he stayed there till october but then decided to go back to France.
only 10,000 survived -
Napoleon Bonaparte Downfall
He faced the allied armies of the European powers outside the German city of Leipzig.
They defeated him.
By Januar 1814, the allied armies were pushing steadily toward Paris -
Great Powers
Five great powers- Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, and France.
Most infuencial was the minister of Asutria, Prince Klemens von Metternich
The Containment of France- The Congress took the following steps to make the weak countries around France stronger:
• The former Austrian Netherlands and Dutch Republic were united to form the Kingdom of the Netherlands.• A group of 39 German states were loosely joined as the newly created German Confederation, dominated by Austria.-And another -
Divided France
After 1815 France was deeply divided politically -
Holy Alliance/Concert of Europe
Czar Alexander I, Emperor Frences I of Austria and King Frederick William II of Prussia signed an agreement called the Holly Alliance.
They pledged to base their relations with other nations on Christian principles in order to combat the forces of revolution.
Finally, a series of alliances devised by Metternich,called the Concert of Europe, ensured that nations would help one anotherif any revolutions broke out -
Escapee
Napoleon Bonaparte escaped from Elba and landed in France on this dat. Within days he was emperor of France -
The Hundred Days
Napoleon Bonaparte attacked the British army and the Prussian army.
This defeat was called the Hundred Days -
Napoleon Bonaparte Dies
Napoleon Bonaparte died of a stomach ailment, maybe cancer.
