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1957 BCE
The Poverty of Historicism
idea of historicism is dangerous and bankrupt. Arthur Koestler as "probably the only book published this year which will outlive the century." The libertarian theorist Tom G. Palmer has described the work as "brilliant. -
logic of Scientific Discovery
Encouraged by his doctoral thesis advisers, Karl Bühler and Heinrich Gomperz, Popper turned to the logic of scientific investigation. Published in 1934, The Logic of Scientific Discovery was well received, and attracted attention from the members of the Vienna circle and beyond. Popper spent part of the summer of 1934 in discussion with them. With war at hand in Europe, Popper was offered a lecturership at Canterbury University College, in Christchurch, New Zealand, where he arrived in 1937 -
The Open Society And Its Enemies
Popper accuses Plato of betraying Socrates in the Republic, wherein Plato portrays Socrates sympathizing with totalitarianism. Popper develops a critique of historicism and a defense of the open society and liberal democracy. Bertrand Russell calls work of first-class importance" and "a vigorous and profound defence of democracy. Walter Kaufmann believed that Popper's work has many virtues, including its attack against totalitarianism, and many suggestive ideas.. -
CONJECTURES AND REFUTATIONS.
In Conjectures and Refutations, Popper argued that science can never prove things to be true by what has been known since Hume as the “problem of induction.” It can only prove them to be false. Arguing against inductive inference, Popper asserted that scientists make bold conjectures, deduce the consequences, and then test their conjectures to destruction by exploring the fit between the consequences and observation