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Hobbes Published Leviathan
"Leviathan" was one of Hobbes' most important works and one of the most influential philosophical texts in the seventeenth century. He wrote "Leviathan" in response to the fear experienced during the English Civil war. "Leviathan" was composed in France where he grew his philosophy since 1630. This text was very controversial and advocated for the restoration of monarchy as well as argued politics in England.
www.sparknotes.com
taylormarshall.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/Leviathin.jpg -
Locke publishes "Two Treatises on Government"
The First Treatise that Locke talked about was a criticism of Robert Filmer's Patriarch which argued for the divine rights of kings and argued for power of the people.The Second Treatise was a solution to the political upheaval in England.When published, there were problems with the English government and this laid a base for modern forms of democracy and the Constitution of the United States.
www.sparknotes.com
https://docs.google.com/document/d/15wsIMw_hECJ_H10M65uFA9JeT4hhLcJ6U4WzAV9Y2xs/edit -
Montesquieu published "The Spirit of the Laws"
In this publication Montesquieu argued that the type of government varied on circumstances and that government don't need to be permanent.Governments at the time were meant to be permanent so this text had caused a lot of controversy."The Spirit of the Laws" had a huge impact on the development of democratic institutions in Europe after the French Revolution.
https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/274/
www.enotes.com
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1z5_Imk_5ew9mpmXiqRNM_dwqGGFId-HR9asPqrDP7Tg/edit -
Rousseau published The Social Contract, Emile. Attempt to unite the liberty of the individual with the authority of the government. Emile was important for education.
"The Social Contract" was a publication that criticized religion and was eventually banned in France and Geneva.Rousseau was influenced by Locke and Hobbes.There were many arguments over religion at the time and these ideas had been around since the Renaissance.This influenced governments throughout Europe and helped promote political reform and revolution.
Source: www.gradesaver.com/the-social-contract
Picture:https://docs.google.com/document/d/1m-aTGAAglDGBpAdu5ddopSilg2Ur7nCdO-40oAbl6us/edit -
Beccaria published "On Crimes and Punishments"
Beccaria wrote about how all humans possess free will and that people commit crimes out of self interest and gain.He also emphasized fair and uncruel punishments for crimes.At the time there was a corrupted government that did punish crimes unfairly. Beccaria had a huge impact on today's United States Criminal Justice System and Judicial Branch.
study.com/academy/lesson/caesar-beccarias-on-crimes-and-punishments
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1K2prPweRyMZjlVKuWdF4dJw7Mhfx9tv-0mwsXXc33cM/edit -
Meeting of the Estates General
In the year of 1789, just before the French Revolution, King Louis XVI called the Meeting of the Estates General. This meeting was called to discuss financial issues with the French Government as well as to discuss voting for government related topics. This ultimately left the Third Estate out and caused chaos with the Third Estate in France. Shortly after the upsetting of the Third Estate, the National Assembly was formed to form new, fair rights for the Third Estate. -
Storming of the Bastille
The Storming of the Bastille occurred on the 14th of July in 1789, and marked the beginning of the French Revolution. The prison of Bastille was attacked by an angry mob during all the trouble of the estates. The monarchy of France made the Third Estate very angry due to the unfair taxes and government systems. This is what called for the violent rioting and storming of Bastille to make a statement. This became a defining moment in the French Revolution, where monarchy was eventually overthrown. -
Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen
The Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen was a huge milestone for the French community. The declaration was approved by the National Assembly of France on August 26th, of 1789. It was stared that all men are born with equal rights and freedoms. The declaration also led to many freedoms for the people of France, equal taxation, and equality through all of the estates. -
March on Versailles
On October 4th, 1789 women took control in the French Revolution. Women and some men rioted and marched demanding bread and stormed the royal palace. This caused even more chaos and corruption during the French Revolution. -
Gens De Colour demand equal rights from France
being the start of the Haitian revolution< 1791 was a very important year for the French people that were a part of Haiti. The Gens De Colour demanded equal rights from French people living in Haiti, because they were the same people. They thought they deserved the same rights as the French even though they were living in a different location, Haiti. This started the Haitian revolution where French citizens and slaves fought the Haitians. This started a war that would eventually free Haitians. -
Beheading of King Louis the XVI
In 1793, one of France's most devastating rulers was beheaded for the conviction of conspiracy with foreign powers. After out-spending France's bank account, King Louis and his wife Marie, had put France into serious debt and therefor caused most of France's corruption before the Revolution. However near the end of the revolution the king's reign ended when he was executed by guillotine. This gave France financial hope to end the Revolution and start fresh. -
Reign of Terror
The Reign of terror was one of the most devastating periods of the French Revolution that took place. Between the dates of September 5,1793-July 27, 1794 around 40,000 people were executed by the dictator named Maximilian de Robespierre. This left France struggling even more and very troubled even after he was executed. -
The colony "Saint-Domingue" is abolished
The "Saint-Domingue" was the largest enslaved population in the Caribbean. This event occurred during the Haitian Revolution In August to October of 1793, slavery was abolished by French government agents. This abolishment inspired other abolishments of slavery in the future. -
Napoleon is Emperor
Although Napoleon was a skilled military professional, he lacked the common sense and responsibility to take care of all of France. He continuously tried to expand his empire and create wars with other nations with dug France into some trouble. He made many bad decisions for France resulting in him being exiled and leaving France once again to start over. -
French forces admit defeat to the slave armies and evacuate their forces
In 1804, Haitians gained a lot of strength when French armies admitted defeat to them. When they had overcome France, and granted their freedom, they were able to excel. They began to make their own constitution and made new rights for Haiti. This was huge for Haiti and gave Haitians a lot of hope during that time. They would no longer be enslaved and would be able to grow stronger as a nation to stand up for themselves against France. This also inspired other nations to stand up and fight. -
The French National Assembly granted free Blacks free French rights in Saint Domingue
Also in 1804, Blacks gained many rights in the French community. The National Assembly was obligated to grant Blacks the same rights as the People of France. They had to do this because the Blacks were considered citizens and they fought for French rights. This event was mostly beneficial to both the Blacks and the French people. It gave Blacks more power and equal rights, but also made the French nation even stronger by conjoining the two peoples together in the same rights to fight together.