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1900s
The primary form of instructional technology was the blackboard, which can still be found in classrooms across the country today. -
The First School Museum Opens
The first school museum opened in St. Lous, 1905. The materials housed in these kinds of museums were not intended to supplant the teacher or the textbook, though the materials were viewed as supplementary curriculum materials. -
1910s
Radio, silent films, film strip projectors, episcopes, and overhead projectors were all introduced into the classroom during this decade. -
The first catalog of Instructional Films
The motion picture projector was one of the first media devices to be introduced to schools. Coronet was a big producer of these instructional skills and they touched on numerous topics. -
1920s
During the 1920s, technological advances specifically in radio broadcasting , sound recordings, and sound motion pictures increased peoples' interest in instructional media. By 1920 there were thousands of instructional videos. Also during the 1920s and 1930s multiple textbooks were created on the subject of visual instruction, one of the most important of these was the textbook, "Visualizing the Curriculum." -
Thomas Edison
Edison believes that motion pictures are destined to revolutionize the educational system and states that motion pictures will rid the existence of textbooks in a few years. However, as we all know this prediction was false. -
Visual Instruction Movement
The National Education Association (NEA) established the division of visual instructions as school administrators become more interested in the use of motion pictures. -
1930s
The National Advisory Council on Radio in Education (NCER) is formed. Their attempt at instructional radio, which was created to educate students across the country all at once, did not work. This was due to the fact that almost every school's curriculum varies from the other so the lessons from the radio shows usually did not align with the subjects the students were currently learning in the classroom. -
The NEA comes out with statistics
The NEA determines that 52% of schools are using silent films and 3% are using sound films. -
Behavioral Objects
Behavioral objective emphasizes what the student is expected to do not what the teacher will do. Ralph Tyler created this idea that specifies instructional design outcomes. -
1940s
Military training during WWII propelled rapid advances in the use of technology. In a few short years the U.S. Government was able to produce 457 instructional training videos. -
Media Research
The audiovisual devices used during WWII seemed successful in effectively training large numbers of individuals with different backgrounds. Most training directors stated that the films helped to reduce the time it took to train soldiers without having a negative effect on the trainings overall effectiveness. However, most media research suggests that there is no particular medium that instructs students any better than the others. -
Dale's Cone of Experience
The Cone of Experience is split up into three sections: Symbolic, Iconic, and Inactive -
1950s
TVs are becoming popular in classrooms and the average home. -
B.F. Skinner's "Programmed Instruction"
Skinner invented the Programmed Instruction theory for years before it was finally implemented in 1950. His theory consisted of having students learn at their own pace, breaking down the content into sections so they could take it step by step, and to give the students incentives for completing the work. -
Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
Benjamin Bloom introduced the idea that education should be individualized . Bloom's taxonomy included knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. The scale helps determine the measurable outcomes of each student and by organizing their outcomes classrooms can select the most appropriate assessment technique. -
Sputnik
The Russians launch the first orbiting satellite into space. The U.S. feels as though they are falling behind and start stressing the importance of Mathematics and Science in schools. -
1960s
Sesame Street, Appanet, Educomm, CPB, PBS, and AECT are all introduced in this decade were all stations that provided instructional television. -
Criterion-Referenced Testing
This type of test is intended to quantify what kind of behaviors a person can be expected to have based on their test score. -
Instructional Design Models
These are models such as the ADDIE model (analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate) that are used to step by step instructions on how to create frameworks that will make effective instructional programs. -
The Conditions of Learning
This book was published by Robert Gagne, who discuss the eight forms of leaning and nine events of instruction. The nine events of instruction are gain attention, inform learners of objectives, stimulate recall of prior learning, present the content, provide guidance, elicit performance, provide feedback, assess performance, and enhance retention and transfer. -
Formative Evaluation
Formative evaluation is an internal method for evaluating the worth of a program while the program is in process. It can be conducted during any step of the ADDIE phase. -
Summative Evaluation
This type of evaluation focuses on the outcome of the process. -
1970s
Modern calculators, more modern projectors, video games, VHS tapes, VCR were all invented and introduced into the classroom. Apple was also starting to get attention during the 1970s. -
1980s
Audio tapes, Walkman, computer desktops, computer icons, PowerPoint, handheld CD players, and Hypecards were all introduced in the 1980s. -
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychology became a key field of study during the 1980s -
1990s
This was the start of the computer age. -
Constructivism
Constructivism highlights key problems and limitations imposed from teaching and learning. This mentality became very influential during the 1990s -
Internet
In 1995 the World Wide Web was born -
Kate McCord's Birthday
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2000s
The interactive age, laptops, SMART response PE, Document camera projector, SMART response XE, Facebook, Youtube, handheld cellphones, etc. History teaches everything, including the future.
