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100 BCE
Dead sea scrolls
The Dead Sea Scrolls noted the division of human nature into two temperaments -
100
Rufus of Ephesus
Rufus of Ephesus believed that the nervous system was instrumental in voluntary movement and sensation. He discovered the optic chiasma by anatomical studies of the brain. He stressed taking a history of both physical and mental disorders. He gave a detailed account of melancholia, and was quoted by Galen -
130
Galen
Galen proposed that people's moods were determined by the balance among four bodily substances -
358
St. Augustine of Hippo
St. Augustine of Hippo published Confessions, which anticipated Freud by near-discovery of the subconscious.[8] Augustine's most complete account of the soul is in De Quantitate Animae (The Greatness of the Soul). The work assumes a Platonic model of the soul -
400
Caelius Aurelianus
Caelius Aurelianus opposed harsh methods of handling the insane, and advocated humane treatment -
705
First hospitals
The first psychiatric hospital was built by Muslims in Baghdad, followed by Cairo in 800, and Damascus in 1270 -
850
First clinical psychology
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari developed the idea of using clinical psychiatry to treat mentally ill patients -
1200
Neuropsychiatric disorders
Maimonides wrote about neuropsychiatric disorders, and described rabies and belladonna intoxication -
1375
Mistreatment of the mentally ill
English authorities regarded mental illness as demonic possession, treating it with exorcism and torture. -
"Psychology"
Scholastic philosopher Rudolph Goclenius coined the term "psychology"; though usually regarded as the origin of the term, there is evidence that it was used at least six decades earlier by Marko Marulić. -
Humane treatment of mentally ill
Benjamin Rush became one of the earliest advocates of humane treatment for the mentally ill with the publication of Medical Inquiries and Observations Upon Diseases of the Mind, the first American textbook on psychiatry. -
Wilhelm Wundt
Wilhelm Wundt opened the first experimental psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig in Germany -
Freud
Sigmund Freud began private practice in Vienna. -
International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA)
Sigmund Freud founded the International Psychoanalytical Association, with Carl Jung as the first president, and Otto Rank as the first secretary. -
Hypnosis
Clark L. Hull published Hypnosis and Suggestibility, proving that hypnosis is not sleep and founding the modern study of hypnosis
