History of Electronic Music

Thaddeaus Cahill sets up the Telharmonium or Dynamaphone, a 200-ton array of Edison dynamos that produced different pitched hums according to the speed of the dynamos. The electrical output was "broadcast" over telephone lines.

Jan 1, 1902

http://digitalsoundandmusic.com/6-1-1-the-beginnings-of-sound-synthesis/

Lee DeForest invents the Triode Vacuum Tube which led to amplification of electrical signals.

Jan 1, 1906

http://www.pbs.org/transistor/album1/addlbios/deforest.html

Ferruccio Busoni publishes Sketch for a New Aesthetic of Music discussing the use of electrical and other new sound sources in future music.

Jan 1, 1907

http://www.gutenberg.org/files/31799/31799-h/31799-h.htm

Italian futurists investigate, classify, and produce noise instruments. Most notable was Luigi Russolo.

Period: Jan 1, 1911 to Dec 31, 1919

Luigi Russolo Writes 'The art of Noise'

Jan 1, 1913

http://www.artype.de/Sammlung/pdf/russolo_noise.pdf

Leo Theremin invents the Theremin

Jan 1, 1920

Varese writes Ionisation and George Antheil writes Ballet Mecanique: Both use percussion and noise instruments and deal with the "liberation of sound" and a new view of "spatial-temporal" relationships.

Period: Jan 1, 1920 to Dec 31, 1929

Ondres Martenot Invented

Jan 1, 1928

Trautonium Invented

Jan 1, 1928

Hammond Organ Invented (Still a really popular synth)

Jan 1, 1929

Improvement of amplifiers and invention of the Tape Recorder

Period: Jan 1, 1930 to Dec 31, 1939

John Cage Composes Imaginary Landscapes no.1

Jan 1, 1939

[data:image/png;base64,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](data:image/png;base64,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)

John Cage Composes Imaginary Landscapes no. 2

Jan 1, 1942

RTF (Radiodiffusion-television Francaise) broadcasts Pierre Schaeffer's Etude aux Chemin de Fer on Oct. 5th

Oct 5, 1948

This marks the beginning of studio realizations and musique concrete.

Pierre Henry collaborates with Schaeffer on Symphonie pour un homme seul

Jan 1, 1950

The first major work of musique concrete.

The beggining of Lee Scratch Perry's Career in Music

Jan 1, 1950

Rise of the Jamaican Sound System Movement

Period: Jan 1, 1950 to Dec 31, 1959

The Studio was formally established as the Groupe de Musicque Concrete

Jan 1, 1951

This included other composers such as Messiaen, Boulez and Stockhausen

Stanley Motta opens first recording studio in Jamaica

Oct 2, 1951

This marks the beginnings of Electronic music as we know it today via the influnece it had on Dub.

Raymond Scott designs first sequencer

Jan 1, 1952

This consisted of hundreds of switches controlling stepping relays, timing solenoids, tone circuits and 16 individual oscillators.

Studie I

Jan 1, 1953

Edgard Varese receives Ampex tape recorder as gift and begins work on Deserts, for orchestra and tape

Jan 1, 1953

Three Studios are opened in Italy, Japan and Holland

Jan 1, 1955

Milan Studio de Fonologia RAI established, with Berio as artistic director. Mayuzumi founds studio in Tokyo. Phillips studio established at Eindhoven, Holland.

Raymond Scott invents Claviivox Synthesizer

Jan 1, 1956

With subassembly by Robert Moog

Lejaren Hiller and Leonard Isaacson compose Iliiac Suite for string quartet, the first complete work of computer-assisted composition (also algorithmic composition)

Jan 20, 1956

King Tubby Develops his Reverb and Delay techniques

Jan 1, 1958

The Tape Delay owes it's existence to King Tubby

King Tubby forms his own Jamaican Sound System

Jan 1, 1958

Varese Poeme Electronique played over 400 loudspeakers at the Phillips Pavillion of the 1958 Brussels World Fair

Apr 17, 1958

Columbia-Princeton Studio established in New York with the help of a $175,000 Rockefeller grant. Incorporated the RCA Mark II synthesizer, the first major voltage-controlled synthesizer

Jan 1, 1959

The 1960's!!!!

Period: Jan 1, 1960 to Dec 31, 1969

Development of large mainframe computer synthesis. Max Mathews of Bell Labs perfects MUSIC V, a direct digital synthesis language. Development of smaller voltage-controlled synthesizers by Moog and others make instruments available to most composers, universities and popular musicians. Most well-known use Switched-on Bach album by then Walter, now Wendy Carlos. Beginning of live electronic performance. The Synket, a live performance instrument used extensively by composer John Eaton.

At San Francisco Tape Music Center

Jan 1, 1963

a voltage-controlled synthesizer based around automated sequencing by Donald Buchla, used in album-length Subotnik pieces such as Silver Apples of the Moon (1967) and The Wild Bull (1968).

San Francisco Tape Music Center established by Morton Subotnik

Jan 1, 1963

Max Mathews and F. Richard Moore develop GROOVE, a real-time digital control system for analog synthesis

Jan 1, 1967

King Tubby develops the first methods of Remixing

Jan 1, 1968

Lee Scratch Perry innovates the use of the sample (a crying baby) in People Funny Boy

Jan 1, 1968

Kraftwerk, A german music group is started. Kraftwerk contributed greatly to the popular rise of electronic music

Jan 1, 1970

Kraftwerk (German pronunciation: [ˈkʀaftvɛɐk], "power station") is a German electronic music band formed by Ralf Hütter and Florian Schneider in 1970 in Düsseldorf, and fronted by them until Schneider's departure in 2008.The signature Kraftwerk sound combines driving, repetitive rhythms with catchy melodies, mainly following a Western classical style of harmony, with a minimalistic and strictly electronic instrumentation. The group's simplified lyrics are at times sung through a vocoder or generated by computer-speech software. Kraftwerk was one of the first groups to popularize electronic music and are considered to be pioneers.In the 1970s and early 1980s, Kraftwerk's distinctive sound was revolutionary, and has had a lasting effect across many genres of modern music.According to The Observer, "no other band since the Beatles has given so much to pop culture" and a wide range of artists have been influenced by their music and imagery.In January 2014, the Grammy Academy honored Kraftwerk with a Lifetime Achievement Award.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraftwerk

The beginning of Hip-hop culture as a revolt against disco

Period: Jan 1, 1970 to Dec 31, 1979

This incoprorated the notion of Rapping and MCing, Scratching etc. Notable influences are: Gil-Scott Herron and Afrika Bambaata

1970's: Mini-Moog, a small affordable integrated synthesizer make analog synthesis easily available and affordable, along with newcomers ARP and Oberheim

Period: Jan 1, 1970 to Dec 31, 1979

Jon Appleton (with Jones and Alonso) invents the Dartmouth Digital Synthesizer, later to become the New England Digital Corp.'s Synclavier. Barry Vercoe writes Music 11, a next-generation music synthesis program (later evolving into csound, which is still widely used). IRCAM (Paris) becomes a major center for computer music research and realization and develops 4X computer system, featuring then revolutionary real-time digital signal processing.

Charles Dodge composes Speech Songs.

Jan 1, 1972

based on early speech synthesis research.

King Tubby releases 'King Tubby Meets Uptown Rockers' one of the most popular dub records of all time and a testament to Tubby as a producer

Jan 1, 1974

Gary Numan Releases 'The Pleasure Principle', most famous for the tracks 'Are 'freinds' Electric' and 'Cars'

Jan 1, 1979

Considered a pioneer of popular electronic music at the time (beginings of 80's Synth Pop)

1980's Massive rise in popularity for Synthesizers

Period: Jan 1, 1980 to Dec 31, 1989

MIDI instruments and software make powerful control of sophisticated instruments easily affordable by many studios and individuals. Acoustic sounds are reintegrated into studios via sampling and sampled-ROM-based instruments. Miller Puckette develops graphic signal-processing software for 4X called MAX (after Max Mathews), later ports it to Macintosh (with Dave Zicarelli extending it for Opcode) for real-time MIDI control, bringing algorithmic composition availability to most composers with mod

Vangelis Composed and released the Blade Runner soundtrack

Jan 1, 1982

One of the most iconic compositons of electronic music to date. Shaped idea's around sci-fi soundtracks, Inflluenced thousands of Electronic Music Producers across the globe, from Burial to Lapalux to Zomby and Flying Lotus

The Birth of Trip-Hop

Oct 2, 1988

Massive Atttack Release first Single "Any Love" to go on to release the album Blue Lines in 1991 to critical acclaim. Trip-Hop all though a short lived genre had a massive influence on the electronic music scene and what was capable musically. http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/17384-blue-lines-remastered-box-set/

Rise of Rave based Pirate Radio stations in the UK.

Jan 1, 1990

This time the emphasis being on Dub influenced UK Electronic genre's such as Jungle, Breaks, Acid and Garage.

Electronic Music begins to infiltrate mainstream more than ever before. Microcosm's of Genre's pop up world wide.

Period: Jan 1, 1990 to Dec 31, 1999

Spans the Ground Breaking Career of J Dilla

Period: Jan 1, 1992 to Feb 10, 2006

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J_Dilla

DJ Shadow's Endtroducing Released: First entirely sampled album

Oct 2, 1996

http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/2377-endtroducing-deluxe-edition/

Kodwo Eshun Publishes More Brilliant than the Sun: Adventure in Sonic Fiction

Jan 1, 1998

Benga Begins his Career

Oct 12, 2002

Benga is attributed as one of the pioneers and prollferators of Dubstep

Burial Releases His Self Titled Album

Oct 2, 2006

http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/9138-burial/

Kode 9 AKA Steve Goodman Publishes 'Sonic Warfare: Sound, Affect and the Ecology of Fear.

Jan 1, 2009

Skrillex Releases Debut EP: Begin the rise of EDM

Jun 7, 2010