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Napoleon (early years)
Napoleon got a scholarship to go to military school which he does well in. When he is in the military he rises through ranks quickly until he is favored by most everyone in France. -
Economic Depression
The bread shortage led to the economic crisis because the average laborer would eat 2 lb of bread everyday. -
Bread
During the years 1781- 1788 there was bad bread harvests which mean that manufacturing went down, food shortage, increase in food price, and unemployment. -
Estates General
King Louis XVI called the Estates General because the king was spending too much money on war and other things for himself so he needed to raise taxes but Parliament wouldn't register the law. -
National Assembly/ Tennis Court Oath
The Third Estate was mad because even tho they got 600 votes they only got 1 vote total, this makes them mad so they declare themselves the National Assembly. They want to create a new Constitution. They showed up at Versailles to find out they are locked out so they decided to meet at a tennis court and make the Tennis Court Oath which they promised to meet until they had a Constitution written. -
Aristocratic Revolution
After the Estates General is called for the first time in 175 years they see this is as the 1st stage of the revolution -
Bastille Day/ Great Fear
900 people of Paris stormed the Bastille, an old fortress used as a prison and armory. They hoped to get weapons to fight the king with. They end up with no weapons and they cut off the wardens head. This day become their Independence Day.
Rebellions started happening in France to help the Assembly. Peasants were less concerned about their food or political power, they wanted their feudal obligations to be removed to they raided lords homes/churches and destroyed documents and killed families. -
August Decrees
The National Assembly abolishes legal privileges of first 2 Estates -
Declaration of the Rights of Man
The DoRM was inspired by the English Bill of Rights, Declaration of Independence, and our Constitution. It gave the people free speech and press. It reflected the Enlightenment ideas and how all men are free, positions should be based on talent, and every group has to pay taxes. -
Womans March on Versailles
Women are the first people to find out there is no bread and begin to march to Versailles. 6000-7000 women go there and the king accepts the National Assembly's changes thinking that's what they were there for. -
Rise of the Sans- Culottes
The Sans- Culottes were a mob of Parisian people. They wore regular pants unlike the other people that wore knee breeches. This group drive the revolution from where it was to the rise of Napoleon. -
Constitution of 1791
This Constitution created a limited monarchy. IT would allow the people to see what group was in charge. There was still a king but the Legislative Assembly would make the laws. There was two kinds of citizens that got to vote, active and passive. -
War with Austria
The revolution made the other countries worried that all the bad things happening in France could happen to them. Austria threatened them with war if they didn't stop and France declared for on the, right away. -
September Massacre
This Massacre was supported by Jean- Paul Marat and it left thousands dead. -
French Republic
The National Convention set up the French Republic; they abolished the monarch. -
Committee of Public Saftey
The CoPS was passed and it gained broad powers in response to external and internal issues. -
Reign of Terror
The Reign of Terror was led by Robespierre. He anted to crush to opposition to the revolution, he set up courts to try and convict people of crimes against the revolution so he could kill them. -
Virtue changes
Good citizens, mister/madame now citizen and citizeness. There was a new focus on education and slavery was abolished in colonies. -
Thermidorian Reaction
This happened at the end of the Reign of Terror. It has to do with everything that was making the different groups of people angry with things they weren't getting. And people were realizing there was less need for the RoT and Robespierre. -
War
France was dealing with foreign invades and by September 1794 France had the biggest army in Europe. It was now the common people fighting for change. -
Directory
This was an executive branch that elected people to the Council of Elders. -
Consul
The clergy and lawyer wanted to over throw the Directory so they used Napoleon to create a triumvirate. Napoleon over threw both of them and declared himself Consul for life. He had an election for all men over 18 and he got 90% approval. -
Coup d'etat
The Thermidorian Reaction lead to this sudden overthrow by the government by Napoleon. -
Louisiana Purchase/ Bread
France was ina lot of debt but he made the Louisiana Purchase to the USA and got the people bread. -
Empire
Napoleon declares that the republic is over and France is an empire and so he is he Emperor. He has another election and gets 85% approval. -
Exile
Paris taken and Napoleon is weakened. He is exiled to the island of Elba. 3 months later he comes back to France and builds an army to attack Belgium. -
Waterloo/ Exile in 1815
Waterloo in June 1815 he fights British and Prussia who are under the command by Duke of Wellington. Napoleon loses terribly and is exiled to St. Helena. -
King Louis XVI executed
King Louis XVI was executed by guillotine because the people thought he was the reason they were losing wars. -
Wars- 1807-1812
In Napoleon's empire he was the master of Europe after defeating Prussia, Austria, and Russia. The empire consisted of 3 different parts; French Empire, Dependent Stats, Allied States. -
Russia in 1812
Napoleon used the Continental System which Russia did not like. He had to invade Russia to shoe them that he was stronge. than them. He lost to them and his empire stated to fall.