-
On-the-job-training/Apprenticeship
Indentures were forerunners of our modern apprenticeship agreements. Apprentices are no longer bound body and soul to their masters. Nowadays, apprentices are members of a production force as they train on the job and in the classroom. They are paid wages for each training period. At the end of their apprenticeship, they receive certificates that are similar to the diplomas awarded the engineering graduates of universities. ("History Of Apprenticeship", n.d.). -
The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution took place during the 17th & 18th century. It was a period when predominantly agrarian, rural societies in Europe and America became industrial and urban. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, manufacturing was often done in people's homes using hand tools, or basic machines. While industrialization bought an increased volume in manufactured goods and an improved standard of living for some, it also resulted in grim living conditions for the poor and working class. -
Manual Training
Manual training started in the United States around 1825 as a correctional tool. The purpose was to give idle hands something productive to do. This concept spread widely throughout the late 1880's. Training has evolved from medival history to today's online training. The training profession has changed many times from its initial focus on skills training to individual development to systems theory and organization development to learning and, most recently, to performance. -
Industrialization during WWII
-
TWI established during WWII
The Training Within Industry (TWI) was established in 1640 during WWII to increase production output. One trend that has emerged in the workplace is the practice of training responsibilities that was once the domain of the supervisor to the specific departments(R&E Source, 2015). The aim of the program is to produce greater quantities of quality products in less time by making best of the people, machines, and materials currently available (R&E Source, 2015). -
Factory Schools
Hoe & Company in New York started its factory school. During that time classroom training became the norm in education. This education style, pedagogy, first started in Europe and led us into the 19th century. Factory model school employed direct instruction methods. The teacher drilled information into the class and the students learned by copying and memorization. The factorization method also employed a lack of personal contact and a strict authoritative method. -
The Training Profession
Training has changed from skills training and individual development to system theory and organizational development to performance. Training started with elders teaching the young how to hunt, care for children, make weapons, tools, and materials. In order to appreciate training and education, we must understand the sacrifices made to help us to transition into such a great society. We started from primitive and ended as professionals (Estep, 2008). -
On-the-job-training/Apprentice
The apprentice program took root in the middle ages and has gone full force today in the 20th century. On-the-job training has increased with the production of several vocational programs elevating throughout the United States. Many colleges has taken a back seat to vocational training centers. The two most valuable aspects for vocational is participants can not only receive certification in their field but they also receive experience. -
The Rise and Decline of Vocational Training
Vocational training rose during the time of WWII because many of the housewives had to maintain the home as the husbands went off to war. Because many woman were caretakers at home, they were lacking training. To keep productivity rising, many women were trained on the job. Many women were factory workers and nurses aid to the wounded. As time progressed many individuals started attending schools to further their education and get careers compared to work. -
References
Estep, T. (2008). Chapter 1: The evolution of the training profession. ASTD Handbook for Workplace for learning professionals. Baltimore, Maryland. ASTD Press. Bailey, R. (2008). Chapter 3: The business case for learning. ASTD Handbook for Workplace for Learning Professionals. Baltimore, Maryland. ASTD Press. History of apprenticeship. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://www.lni.wa.gov/TradesLicensing/Apprenticeship/About/History/ Factory School Image> Retrieved from simple.wikipedia.org -
References cont'd
Industrialization Revolution (2013). Retrieved from historydiscussion.org -
The Rise and Decline in Vocational Training cont'd
As more and more students attended colleges and universities, more jobs were finding students were receiving degrees but lacking the experience needed. Now vocational training has shifted and on the rise again. Students are graduating and not finding employment because those attending vocational programs are receiving experience needed for employment.
