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World War II - Systematic Training
World War II created a demand for products but with a large number of workers enlisting in the war, positions were filled by woman and men over 40. (Image retrieved from Army History, n.d.). -
1940's
The American Society of Training Directors, (ASTD) was created in 1942. The 1st meeting was held in Baton Rouge, LA on January 12, 1943. Fifteen training directors attended. (Estep, 2008). (Image retrieved from Wikimedia Commons, n.d.). -
1950's Individualized Instruction
In the 1950’s businesses wanted to train employees efficiently but in a way that was less expensive. B.F Skinner published Science and Human Behavior in 1953 introducing behaviorism and individualized instruction. Individualized instructions divided into small steps were used. Learners would receive immediate feedback. Bloom’s taxonomy introduced a classification of learning objectives that described outcomes and skills (Estep, 2008). (Image retrieved from Wikimedia Commons, n.d.). -
1960's Organization Development
In the 1960’s organizations wanted planned process to meet the organization goals using organization development OD. Organization development professionals measured the companies’ efficiency, effectiveness, and business results. Trainers would coach, train, analyze, and consult to align the organization to achieve goals using a systemic approach. Jean Piaget introduced cognitive development model (Estep, 2008). (Image retrieved from Wikimedia Commons, n.d.). -
1970's
In the 1970’s sociotechnical systems theory became popular. It states social and technical factors have an effect on the organization. The social portion are people and the technical portions are tools and knowledge. Organizations started looking at sensitivity training and employees behaviors. Malcolm Knowles wrote The Adult Learner: A Neglected Species in 1973, and introduced andragogy, which changed the direction of teaching adults (Estep,2008). (Image retrieved from Pixabay, n.d.). -
1980's Technology
In the 1980’s technology made great advancements. In 1981 the first electronic workstations were used and in 1986 laptop computers were available. The use of computers changed how learning was delivered and presented (Estep, 2008). (Image retrieved from Wikimedia Commons, n.d.). -
1990's
In the 1990’s technology continued to explode. Technology continued to change the direction of education and learning. Organizations were able to use computer-based training for employees in different locations. E-learning allowed learners greater accessibility to training and eliminating the cost of traveling. Learners were able to take online learning classes instead of having to attend a brick and mortar classroom (Estep, 2008). (Image retrieved from Flickr, n.d.) -
2000's
In the 2000’s technology continued to explode. Learners are able to access classrooms or training through personal cell phones and home computers. Trainers can utilize wikis, blogs, and websites to teach online courses. Online human performance improvement (OHI) degree credit courses and a degree are available from ASTD and ISPI. Web 2.0 is introduced to connect people and enhance collaborative learning. (Image retrieved from Wikimedia Commons, n.d.).
