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Brown v. Board of Education
1.The court case Plessy v. Ferguson said that the segregation of facilities was legal but they had to be equal
2.In Topeka Kansas an African American girl was not allowed to attend a legally integrated school, so her parents filed a lawsuit against them.
3.The result was that segregation of public schools was unconstitutional therefore illegal -
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Civil Rights Timeline
By Adam Pilon
4th hour -
Emmitt Till Murder
- Chicago kid Emmitt Till went down south to visit some relatives in Money Mississippi.
- Dared by his friends emit was dared to ask a white woman on a date, when he walked out he called back into the store "bye, baby." The girl he said that to was named Carolyn Bryant, she complained to her husband and brother. late that night they abducted Emmitt, they killed him, tied him to a cotton gin and sunk him in a river. Even though the evidence was stacked against them the two killers were freed.
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Rosa Parks
- During this time period Public buses were segregated by stuffing all blacks in the back of the bus while the whites got to sit up front. Also if there was no room for a white in the front, they had the right to a black's seat in the back. When Rosa Parks was asked to give up her seat , she refused. 2.After she refused they called the police who escorted her off the bus and proceeded to arrest her.
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Bus Boycott
1.In response to the Rosa Parks Indecent the African Americans boycotted the buses in Montgomery Alabama.
2.The boycott lasted for more than a year(December 5,1955-December 20, 1956) The KKK threatened and other whites threatened to lynch the blacks, but they held their ground. Nearly putting the bus company out of business, the whites had to comply,and the Supreme Court ordered the county to desegregate their bus system. -
Civil Rights act of 1957
1.The law was passed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower
2.The Civil Rights act ensured that all Americans had the right to vote. It also made standard in order to vote equal to all. -
Little Rock Arkansas
1.When nine African american students tried to enter a school that was supposed to be integrated but mayor Orval Faubus denied them. Faubus that night had stationed state national guard to block them the nine kids had no choice but to leave.
2.President Eisenhower then took it upon himself to enforce the ruling of the Brown v. Board of Education case and escort the kids in and around the school with national troops. -
Sit-In Movement
1.The fist sit-in happened in Greensboro North Carolina
2.The sit-in movement started when four African American college students walked into the Woolworths restaurant on the corner and when they sat down and requested service, they were refused. So the students sat down quietly on the floor. The customers and servers threatened them and poured hot coffee all over them but they held their ground and waited to be served. When eventually they were arrested , four new students took their spot. -
Freedom Riders
1.The freedom riders rode the segregated buses through the south to protest their segregation. But their buses were harassed, they got their tires cut and someone threw a firebomb into one of the buses.
2. The CORE helped organize the freedom riders and put them in action
3.No, there was an original group of thirteen people, seven blacks and six whites -
James Meredith
1.When James Meredith tried to enroll into the all white University of Mississippi he was accepted, at first but then they discovered his race and withdrew the application.Since the Brown v. Board of Education ruled segregation of schools was unconstitutional Meredith filed a lawsuit. When the Supreme Court ruled in his favor he tried to go to school, but was met by a ferocious mob.
2.President John F. Kennedy sent 500 US Marshals and troops to calm the riots and allow him to attend school. -
Medgar Evers Assassination
1.Medgar Evers an African American man from Mississippi.In WWII he participated in the Normandy invasion. He was also the first state field secretary of the NAACP.
2.Evers went all around his home state encouraging poor African Americans to register to vote. But white supremacist Byron De La Beckwith shot him] on the driveway of his home. -
March on Washington
1.Over 250,000 Americans gathered to perform a civil rights march in Washington DC. They chose to march here because of the influence it may have on the people nearby, and since the capitol is where the government is, that made DC and ideal location to protest.
2 Here civil rights leader Dr.Martin Luther King Jr. made his most famous speech, "I Have A Dream" -
Birmingham Church Bombing
1.After Martin Luther King Jr. made his "I have a dream" speech the whites in Birmingham Alabama were not having any of it.
2.The KKK had often made bomb threats to disrupt civil rights meetings. There was about 200 people in the church waiting for the eleven o'clock service when the east wall of the church exploded. The bomb shot bricks and debris everywhere most were able to escape unharmed but the blast killed four black girls and injured 20 other people. -
24th Amendment
1.The 24th amendment was made in Washington DC.
2.The 24th amendment outlawed something called a poll tax.
A poll tax is when it requires money to pass a vote for the leader you may support. Blacks could not pay for it due to job discrimination, they had no money.The poll tax originally emerged in the 1920's as a part if the Jim Crow Laws. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
- President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the bill that John F. Kennedy had originally proposed before his death. 2.The law stated that there will be no employment discrimination on the basis of race, color,religion,or national origin. it also ended nationwide segregation and discrimination in public places.
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March to Selma
- The march was organized to raise awareness of the injustice of the voting rights of African Americans in the south 2.The Alabama state troops positioned with whips tear gas and nightsticks 3.As a result of their march a the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed later that year.
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Thurgood Marshall
1.Before becoming a Supreme Court justice Marshall was the Legal Council of the NAACP
2.When Marshall was given the job as a Supreme Court justice the entirety of the united states was in shock , he was the first African American ever to be given the role of justice. -
Martin Luther King Jr Assassinated
1.When he was assassinated King was planning a march to provide aid to the protesting sanitation workers in Memphis Tennessee. When he stepped out on a balcony to meet with leaders of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference SCLC he took a shot to the head. King did not die on impact but died later that morning.
2. The assassination of King shocked and infuriated many blacks and whites. Because he stood not only as a freedom fighter but as a symbol of peace to all of America.
