Church History

  • 1003

    John XVII

    Event : the Egyptian ruler Hakim persecutes Christianity
  • 1003

    John XVIII

    led from 1003-1009
  • 1009

    Sergius IV

    led from 1009-12
    Event : Fatimid ruler Al-Hakim orders the destruction of the Christian basilica of the Sepulchre.
    Event : Arabs destroy the church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem
  • 1100

    Theodoric

    led from 1100-1102
    Event : England's king Henry I fights with Pope Pasquale II on the issue of lay investiture (the king elects the bishops)
  • 1102

    Albert

    led in 1102
  • 1103

    Event

    the Danish king Erik Ejegod (Erik I) obtains that Lund become the archiepiscopal see for the whole of Scandinavia
  • 1105

    Sylvester IV

  • 1107

    Event

    the Concordat of London finds a compromise between England's king Henry I and Pope Pasquale II on the issue of lay investiture (the king elects the bishops)
  • 1198

    Innocent III

    led from 1198-1216
  • 1200

    Event

    the Jews are expelled from England
  • 1204

    Event

    the Crusaders, led by Venezia, sack Constantinople, a Christian city
  • 1208

    1208

    pope Innocent III launches a crusade against the Catharist/Albigensian and the Waldensian heretics
  • 1216

    Honorius III

    led from 1216-26
  • 1227

    Gregory IX

    1227-41
  • 1294

    Boniface VIII

    1294-1303
  • 1300

    Event

    Boniface VIII announces the first Jubilee Year, during which special indulgences are granted
  • 1302

    Event

    Boniface VIII's "Unam Sanctam" proclaims that it "is absolutely necessary for salvation that every human creature be subject to the Roman pontiff"
  • 1303

    Benedict XI

    1303-4
  • 1303

    Event

    The French king Philippe IV kidnaps pope Boniface VIII over the right to tax the French clergy
  • 1305

    Clement V

    1305-14
  • 1389

    Boniface IX

    led from 1389-1404
  • 1404

    Innocent VII

    1404-6
  • 1410

    Event

    the Teutonic Knights are defeated by Jagiello's Polish-Lithuanian army at the battle of Tannenberg
  • 1414

    Event

    the Council of Constance assembles to settle the schism of the three popes Gregory XII, Benedict XIII and John XXIII
  • 1417

    Event

    the Council of Constance fires the three rival popes and chooses cardinal Oddone Colonna as Pope Martin V
  • 1423

    Benedict XIII

    1394-1423
  • 1500

    Event

    Alexander VI appoints twelve new cardinals in return for huge payments
  • 1500

    Event

    European Jews divide into "Sephardim" (Spanish and Portuguese Jews) and "Askenazim" (German and Polish Jews)
  • 1500

    Event

    Cesare Borgia leads the Papal army to reconquer the old Papal states, and fight the Orsini and Colonna families
  • 1503

    Julius II

    led from 1503-13
  • 1503

    Pius III

  • 1513

    Leo X

    led from 1513-21
  • Event

    the philosopher Giordano Bruno is executed as an heretic in Rome for claiming that the universe is infinite
  • Leo XI

    led in 1605
  • Paul V

    1605-21
  • Event

    English pilgrims aboard the "Mayflower" land at Plymouth Rock on Cape Cod, Massachusetts
  • Gregory XV

    was pope from 1621-23
  • Event

    200,000 Jews are slaughtered during the Russian invasion of Poland by Cossacks led by Bogdan Chmielnicki
  • Event

    the Jews are expelled from Wien (Vienna)