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1948 War
May 15, 1948 - March 1, 1949 Israel declared independence. Egypt. Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Iraq attacked Israel. The outcome was Israel gaining land. Egypt gained the Gaza Strip and Jordan gained the West Bank and East Jerusalem. Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians and Jews became refugees. -
The Six Day War
June 5, 1967 - June 10, 1967 Egypt blockaded Israel. Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and Iraq moved troops to Israel's borders and made threatening statements. Israel launched a preemptive strike. Outcome of the Six Day War was Israel capturing the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, the Golan Heights from Syria, and the Gaza Strip and all of the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt. More Palestinians and Jews became refugees. Terrorism became more common. -
Attrition Battles
July 1, 1967 - August 7, 1970 Unhappy with the loss of Egyptian land during the Six Day War, the president of Egypt decided to launch to attacks on Israel to gain land that it had lost. The battles also involved other countries and groups fighting Israel such as Jordan, Syria, Iraq, and Palestinians in an effort to gain back their lost land. Their is no major outcome of the battles except that Arab-Israeli tensions increased because no land was either gained or lost by the countries involved. -
Settlement Construction Begins
Israel began constructing settlements in the land that it had gained during the Six Day War. Israel began constructing the settlements with the intention of using them as security outposts to prevent terrorist attacks in heavily populated cities. Today, they are not used for their original purpose as many Israelis use them as their permanent homes in the West Bank. The outcome of the settlements is that 300,000 Israelis live in them and many Palestinians have been displaced because of them. -
The Yom Kippur War
October 6, 1973 - October 25, 1973 On Yom Kippur in 1973, Egypt and Syria began attacking Israel with the hopes of gaining the land it had lost in 1967. After initial success by Egypt and Syria, Israel fought back to negate that success and defeat Egypt and Syria. The US mediated a ceasefire to end the war on October 25, 1973. As a result of the war, Israel gave back the small amount of land it had gained during the war but retained the land it had gained in 1967. -
Egypt and Israel sign a Peace Agreement
The United States mediated a peace agreement between Egypt and Israel in an effort to end the conflict between the two countries. The result of the peace agreement is that Egypt began to be the first Arab nation to recognize Israel and make a peace treaty with Israel. Egypt also recognized that the conflict with Israel was not good for the well-being of the Egyptian people and economy. Israel gave back Egypt all of the Sinai and removed all of the Israeli citizens living in the Sinai. -
The 1982 Lebanon War
12/24/78-9/1/78 When members of the PLO began attacking northern Israel from southern Lebanon, Israel entered Lebanon to fight the PLO. After Israel managed to push the PLO back and entered the capital of Lebanon, the PLO exited Lebanon as a sign of defeat. The outcome of the war was that Israel maintained a military presence in Lebanon to serve as a buffer zone between terrorists in southern Lebanon and Israel. The buffer zone helped prevent widespread terrorist attacks in northern Israel. -
The First Intifada
December 1, 1987 - September 13. 1993 Palestinians, wanting independence from Israel began an uprising against Israeli control of Palestine. The PLO organized the uprising and supplied Palestinians with weapons to fight Israel. Israel brought down some of the violence by using military force. The First Intifada led to suicide bombings in Israel and civilian loses on both sides of the conflict. The First Intifada also led to the Oslo Accords, which ended the uprising. -
The Oslo Accords
The Oslo Accords were agreements signed by Israel and the PLO to try to end the conflict between the two parties. There were many outcomes of The Oslo Accords such as Palestinians gaining autonomy in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Israel also gradually withdrew its military from the Gaza Strip. Palestine and Israel began to officially recognize each other. The final outcome is that PLO accepted peaceful coexistence with Israel, and the PLO became the representative of Palestinians. -
Israel and Jordan Sign a Peace Treaty
Similar to the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel, the United States mediated a peace treaty between Jordan and Israel. Under the terms of the peace treaty between Jordan and Israel, Jordan became the second Arab country to officially recognize Israel. The peace treaty also led to an increase of trade, business relations, tourism, and scientific cooperation between the two countries. Cooperation between the two countries on issues such as water and refugees increased. -
The Camp David Summit
The Camp David Summit was the first major attempt to negotiate a peace agreement between Israel and Palestine. The attempt by the United States to get the two parties sign the agreement failed when the president of Palestine refused to compromise with Israel. The president of Palestine refused to sign the agreement even though Israel offered to grant Israel independence. Without the agreement being signed by either party, further conflict between Israel and Palestine occurred. -
The Second Intifada
September 1, 2000 - February 8, 2005 When an Israeli general visited a holy site to both Jews and Muslims with many Israeli police by his side, Palestinians felt provoked by the visit. Rioting by Palestinians ensued as a result of this, starting The Second Intifada. The Second Intifada ended with the Sharm El-Sheikh Summit in 2005 when Palestine and Israel agreed to a ceasefire. Many civilians died during The Second Intifada also damaged the economies of both Israel and Palestine. -
Arab Peace Initiative is Proposed
Arab leaders met in March 2002 to discuss a peace initiative for Israelis and Palestinians. The proposal made by the Arab Leaders offered Israel peace if Israel gave Palestinians all the land that it had gained during the 1967 War. It also offered Israel peace if Israel found a way to solve the Palestinian refugee problem. Israel welcomed the proposal but declined it because it did not want to give up its land. It also led to the first meeting between Israel and the Arab League in 2007. -
Israel Begins Constructing the West Bank Barrier
Israel decided to build a barrier in the West Bank to separate Israeli citizens from terrorists in the West Bank. The barrier is similar to the barrier in the Gaza Strip because both were intended to prevent terrorist attacks in Israel. The West Bank Barrier has been very successful in preventing terrorist attacks in Israel from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. The barrier has also made it difficult for regular Palestinians trying to travel across the wall because of its security checkpoints. -
The Roadmap for Peace is Proposed
The Roadmap for Peace was created by the United States, Russia, EU, and UN with the purpose of creating steps for peace between Israel and Palestine. The Roadmap provided steps that would make Israel more secure and give Palestinians independence. Peace was never achieved as a result of The Roadmap because it never made it past the first phase of The Roadmap. Progression of The Roadmap stopped when Hamas was elected as the leader of Palestine. -
Israel Disengages from Gaza
Israel's Prime Minister Ariel Sharon carried out his policy of disengagement to separate Israel and Palestinian territories. Israel forced its citizens living in the Gaza Strip to leave in order to follow the policy of disengagement. Israel decided to do this in order to give the Palestinians living in the Gaza Strip autonomy. Since Israel's disengagement from Gaza, the number of terrorist attacks on Israel from Gaza has increased tremendously. -
Hamas is Elected
Hamas became the leader of Palestine in 2006 when they won a majority of seats in the Palestinian Authority's legislature. Because Hamas has called for the destruction of Israel and the killing of all Jews, Western countries have imposed sanctions on Palestine. Western countries also imposed the sanctions because Hamas has claimed responsibility for hundreds of terrorist attacks in Israel. -
The 2006 Lebanon War
July 12, 2006 - August 14, 2006 When Hezbollah entered Israel from Lebanon and attacked the Israeli Army, and also carried out terrorist attacks in Israel, it prompted Israel to fight back. The 2006 Lebanon War led to many civilian deaths in Lebanon when Hezbollah positioned themselves in civilian neighborhoods. The 2006 Lebanon War also lead to the destruction of some of Lebanon's transportation infrastructure which made it harder for Lebanese citizens to travel after the war. -
The Battle of Gaza
June 7, 2007- June 15, 2007 Tension between Hamas and the PLO Fatah, which had been in charge of the Palestinian Authority's legislature before Hamas was elected, led to conflict between the two political parties. Hamas began attacking the PLO Fatah in Gaza which led to the president of the Palestinian Authority's president dissolving Hamas' government. This lead to 2 Palestinian governments, Hamas being in charge of Gaza, and the Palestinian Authority being in charge of the West Bank. -
The Gaza War
December 27, 2008 - January 18, 2009 In order to attempt to stop terrorist attacks in Israel from Gaza, Israel launched started launching attacks on Hamas in Gaza. Israel was successful in destroying terrorist infrastructure and stopping some of the weapons smuggling in Gaza. The war lead to many Hamas militants being killed as well as some Palestinian civilian deaths. It also lead to Gaza's economy and buildings being damaged. -
Gaza Flotilla Incident
As a result of Hamas being elected into power in Gaza, Egypt and Israel formed a blockade around Gaza to prevent Hamas from smuggling weapons into Gaza. Some Turkish activists tried to defy the blockade by attempting to sail into Gaza. Israel's military stopped this from happening by boarding the activists' ship and fighting with them. 9 Turkish activists were killed as a result of the incident and Israel's relationship with Turkey was deteriorated. -
The Arab Spring
December 18, 2010 - Ongoing Protests for democratic governments in Arab countries have occurred in order to end the autocratic rule of dictators. The protests started in Tunisia and have spread to many other Arab countries. This has lead to both the presidents of Tunisia and Egypt being replaced. The outcome of the Arab Spring on the Arab-Israeli Conflict is not yet apparent.
