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Woman's Christian Temperance Union
organization advocated for the prohibition of alcohol, using women's supposedly greater purity and morality as a rallying point -
Interstate Commerce Act
-established the federal government's right to oversee railroad activities
-required railroads to public their rate schedules and file them with the government -
Sherman Antitrust Act
-law that banned the formation of trusts and monopolies in the United States
-signed by Benjamin Harrison and used later by Theodore Roosevelt
-virtually had no impact -
National American Woman Suffrage Association
argued that women should be allowed to vote because their responsibilities in the home and family made them indispensable in the public decision-making process -
How the Other Half Lives
Photojournalism by Jacob Riis documenting the living conditions in the NYC slums -
Ida B. Wells
African-American journalist, abolitionist and feminist who led an anti-lynching crusade in the U.S. -
Anti-Saloon League
increased public awareness of the social effects of alcohol on society -
John Dewey
a leading progressive; "the child becomes the son about which the appliances of education revolve"- started an experimental elementary school (1894) -
Eugene V. Debs
Leader of the American Railway Union arrested during the Pullman Strike- in 1920, campaigned from prison where he was being held for opposition to U.S. involvement in World War I -
Robert La Follette
Governor of Wisconsin- brought about many democratic reforms in the state's politics (nomination of candidates by direct vote, regulation of RR rates)- introduced (referendum) direct appeal to the electorate on questions of policy -
Square Deal Policy
based on three basic ideas- protection of the consumer, control of large corporations, and conservation of natural resources -
Lincoln Steffens
McClure's reporter wrote "The Shame of the Cities" - unmasked the corrupt alliance between big business and municipal government -
Anthracite Coal Strike
Roosevelt summoned both sides to White House- passed a 10% pay increase and a nine-hour day--> strike in the anthracite coal fields of Pennsylvania threatened a coal famine possibly causing a social war -
Elkins Act
authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to impose heavy fines on railroads that offered rebates, and upon the shippers that accepted these rebates -
Department of Commerce and Labor
By Roosevelt to help with increasing antagonism between capital and labor -
Ida Tarbell
A McClure’s magazine journalist- investigative reporting pioneer; exposed unfair practices of the Standard Oil Company- leading to a U.S. Supreme Court decision to break its monopoly -
Northern Securities Antitrust
• Arrangement formed monopoly illegally restraining interstate commerce
• Dissolved the Northern Securities Company.
• Ruling upheld free enterprise -
Meat Inspection Act
required the Department of Agriculture to oversee the preparation and packaging of meat and to inspect the health of animals before they were slaughtered -
Pure Food and Drug Act
preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, -
The Jungle
Written by Upton Sinclair- exposed bad working conditions in the meat-packing industry- diseased, rotten, and contaminated meat shocked the public and led to new federal food safety laws -
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
NYC factory burned killing 145 workers- most infamous incidents in U.S. industrial history- brought widespread attention to the dangerous sweatshop conditions of factories- led to development of series of laws and regulations to protect the safety of workers -
Progressive (Bull Moose) Party
formed to support Roosevelt in the election- Republicans badly split in election- Roosevelt broke away to form Bull Moose- lost against Wilson -
Underwood Act
purpose was to reduce levies on manufactured and semi-manufactured goods and to eliminate duties on most raw materials -
Federal Reserve Act
created the federal reserve system, the central banking system of the U.S. and it regulated banking to help smaller banks stay in business -
17th Amendment
Allows for regular voters to elect their Senators -
Clayton Antitrust Act
Lengthened Sherman Anti-Trust Act's list of & exempted labor unions from being called trusts, legalized strikes and peaceful picketing by labor union members -
Federal Trade Commission
administers antitrust and consumer protection legislation in pursuit of free and fair competition in the marketplace -
Keating-Owen Child Labor Act
Ended child labor and prohibited selling products made by children -
18th Amendment
banned the manufacture, sale, transportation, import, or export of all “intoxicating liquors"(repealed in 1933) -
19th Amendment
WOMEN CAN VOTE -
Margaret Sanger
leader of movement to legalize birth control- as a nurse in the poor sections of NYC- founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood.
