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YMCA
The YMCA, also known as the Young Men's Christian Association and the Y, is an organization created by George Williams and was based on the Christian Principles. The YMCA was created for men and it was used to build the body, mind, and spirit of a man. The YMCA was soon added to the United States and became a very popular place for men. Although this YMCA is in America, it had the same principles as the one in London which was their Christian Morals. -
Bessemer Process
The Bessemer Process was the first method in mass-producing steel. It was named after Sir Henry Bessemer and the machine would help Andrew Carnegie become one of the richest men in America. In America, Carnegie was able to use the Bessemer Process to turn America into a power house where steel was used for transportation, buildings, and bridges. With the riches he got from the Bessemer Process, he used most of it to give back to charity and become a philanthropist. -
Period: to
Transforming the West
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The Homestead Act
The Homestead Act was signed in May 20, 1862 and opened up settlement in the Western United States. The Act allowed Americans which consisted of freed slaves, women, and basically anyone to claim up to 160 acres of federal land. When the land was given to the people, they were told to make the land better in whatever way they can so that the government could see the progress that happened when the land was given to the person chosen to take it. -
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Becoming an Industrial Power
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Laissez Faire
Laissez Faire is the philosophy that the government would be lazy and not budge into the people. The laissez faire philosophy heavily impacted economic policy during the industrial revolution of the 1800s. Laissez Faire would be bad because due to the government not budging in, people would be paid low wages, work in unhygienic environments, and would get hurt because of poor conditions. Economics would also collapse because of this in 1929. -
John Rockefeller
John Rockefeller was the founder of the Standard Oil Company and would be one of the most wealthiest men in the United States. Born in New York, he entered the then-fledgling oil business in 1863 by investing in a Cleveland, Ohio, refinery. Because of this, he would eventually own the business and monopolize the product. Though his richness, he would donate more then 500 millions dollars to different philanthropic causes. -
Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony was born February 15, 1820 in Adams, Massachusetts. Early in her life she developed a sense of justice and moral zeal.After teaching for fifteen years, she became active in temperance. Because she was a woman, she was not allowed to speak at temperance rallies. This experience, and her acquaintance with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, led her to join the women's rights movement in 1852. Soon after, she dedicated her life to woman suffrage. -
Political Machine
Political Machines would be popular in the United States. A political machine would be a party organization which is headed by a single boss or a small autocratic group. Their main focus would be to force people into voted for whoever they wanted to get put into office. They would mainly push the Irish into this because they would be the most vulnerable and they would be promised things like jobs, getting people across the Atlantic, and better pay in jobs. -
Telephone
Alexander Graham Bell was born on 1847 and would be best known as the inventor of the telephone, worked at a school for the deaf while attempting to invent a machine that would transmit sound by electricity. Bell was granted the first official patent for his telephone in March 1876, though he would later face years of legal challenges to his claim that he was its sole inventor, resulting in one of history’s longest patent battles. After all of this, he would be the sole inventor of the phone -
George Armstrong Custer
George Armstrong Custer was born on December 5, 1939 and would grow up to become a cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars. General Custer would be known for his battle in Little Bighorn where he led his troops into battle not knowing how many Sioux Indians were there which would eventually lead to his death. Although he died because of this mistake, it would turn him into a war hero. -
Battle of Little Big Horn
The Battle of The Little Bighorn was fought on June 25, 1876 near the Little Bighorn River in Montana Territory. Colonel George Armstrong Custer would lead his army into battle against a group of Sioux who were too much for him which would evidently lead to his death but would make him into a war hero and cause the Sioux to pay for his death which would then cause for their worst nightmare which was a slaughter on their main meat, Buffalo. -
The Knights of Labor
Knights of Labor (KOL), were the first important national labour organization in the United States. They were founded in 1869 and would be named the Noble Order of the Knights of Labor by its first leader, Uriah Smith Stephens, it originated as a secret organization meant to protect its members from employer retaliations. The whole platform was partly ideology and consisted mainly of shopkeepers and farmers to get equal pay. -
Phonograph
The phonograph is a device, invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison, for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound. The sound vibration waveform are recorded as corresponding physical deviations of a spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of a rotating cylinder or disc, called a "record". In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the open air through a flaring horn. -
Period: to
The Guilded Age
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Lightbulb
Thomas Edison was an American inventor and businessman, who has been described as America's greatest inventor. He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. The light bulb would be one of his most famous inventions because of its importance to the United States and the story behind how he tried 1000 times before he got it. -
Temperance
The Temperance movement is a social movement against the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Temperance movements typically criticize alcohol intoxication, promote complete abstinence (teetotalism), or use its political influence to press the government to enact alcohol laws to regulate the availability of alcohol or even its complete prohibition. The temperance movement would eventually cause the 18th amendment but be turned away by the 21st. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act required the few non laborers who sought entry to obtain certification from the Chinese government that they were qualified to immigrate. But this group found it increasingly difficult to prove that they were not laborers because the 1882 act defined excludes as “skilled and unskilled laborers and Chinese employed in mining.” Thus very few Chinese could enter the country under the 1882 law. -
Frances Willard
Frances Willard was born on September 28, 1839 in Churchville, New York. She was known for her large role in the Temperance movement and would be commended for her skills in speaking, her successful lobbyist, and an expert in pressure politics. With all of these skills she would be a leader of the national Prohibition Party. Throughout her life, she would participate in many organizations to help women's rights become a real thing for example she spoke out at the International Council of Women. -
Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show
The Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show was a show that showcased a variety of things. The founder, William F. Cody would open up the "Circus" at Omaha, Nebraska with his partner and it became a hit. So much to where he would become an icon in American and would travel around like a circus to showcase Indians, shooting, animals, and different acts. Through this, it would launch the genre for outdoor entertainment that would thrive for three decades. -
Time Zones
During the 19th century, American railroads maintained different time zones and each train would set its own clock making it difficult to coordinate train schedules and it would also confuse passengers. To stop this confusion from happening, they implemented time zones to help with this problem. On November 18th, 1883, 4 time zones would be introduced in America to help the people know the schedules for departures and arrives of trains -
Dawes Severalty Act
The Dawes Act of 1887 was adopted by Congress in 1887, authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians. Those who accepted allotments and lived separately from the tribe would be granted United States citizenship. The Dawes Act was amended in 1891, in 1898 by the Curtis Act, and again in 1906 by the Burke Act. The Act would also help Indians become more involved in America. -
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie was born in 1835 in Scotland. As a child, he would have to see his family deal with the hardships of money in America and would strive to become rich one day. He would live to become one of the most important men in America in that he would monopolize the Steel Company and too much money to even count. He would also devote his life to being a philanthropist and give away more than 350 million dollars to charity. -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was the first measure passed by the U.S. Congress to prohibit trusts. It was named for Senator John Sherman of Ohio, who was a chairman of the Senate finance committee and the Secretary of the Treasury under President Hayes. Several states had passed similar laws, but they were limited to intrastate businesses. The Sherman Antitrust Act was based on the constitutional power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce. -
Period: to
Imperialsm
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Wounded Knee
The Battle at Wounded Knee was located on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in Southwestern South Dakota. The fight would be between the North American Indians and representatives of the United States Government. The fight would leave 150 Native Americans dead that in 1973, members of the American Indian Movement would occupy Wounded Knee for 71 tads to protest conditions on the reservation to accommodate for their lost. -
Coca Cola
In 1892, Coca-Cola would be invented by a pharmacist named John Pemberton. After his fight in the Civil War, he decided to invent something that would bring him commercial success (which it did). At the time where he was living in, the temperance movement caused many bars to not do well so soda became something that many people drank. Because of this, he invented Coca-Cola which would to this day be one of the most popular beverages in the world. -
Depression of 1893
The Panic of 1893 was an economic depression in the United States. It was similar to the Panic of 1873, but this panic was marked by the collapse of railroad overbuilding and shaky railroad financing which set off a series of bank failures. Compounding market overbuilding and the railroad bubble was a run on the gold supply, because of the long-established American policy of bimetallism. This would eventually lead to many people losing their jobs and lost of money. -
World's Columbian Exposition
The World's Columbian Exposition which was also known as the Chicago World's Fair was a world's fair held in Chicago in 1893. The celebration was done to celebrate the 400th year anniversary of when Christopher Columbus took the long voyage across the Atlantic to the New World. The exposition was an influential social and cultural event and had a profound effect on architecture, sanitation, the arts, and American industrial optimism. -
Pullman Strike
The Pullman Strike was a nationwide railroad strike in the United States on May 11, 1894, and a turning point for US labor law. It pitted the American Railway Union (ARU) against the Pullman Company, the main railroads, and the federal government of the United States under President Grover Cleveland. The strike and boycott shut down much of the nation's freight and passenger traffic west of Detroit, Michigan. The conflict would begin due to the recent wage cuts which made them mad. -
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Progressive Era
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Booker T. Washington
Booker T. Washington was born on 1856 and would be one of the most important people in the fight for Civil Rights. His belief in the movement would be to take it slow but to also make sure that black people would work vocational jobs which he did. He opened up the first Vocational School in Tuskegee so that black people could get the education they needed to be good employees. He believed that the only way they could get rights is if they were economically equal to the whites. -
Klondike Gold Rush
The Klondike Gold Rush was a gold rush in the Yukon and Alaska. over 100,000 people would come to the Klondike region of north-western Canada in the Yukon region between 1896 and 1899 to find gold. Gold would be discovered in many rich deposits along the Klondike River in 1896. It is said that with the finding of gold, these people were also able to find themselves in that they traveled so long and so far in harsh conditions to be economically successful. -
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan was born in Illinois and he would become a Nebraska congressman in 1890. He was star at the 1896 Democratic Convention with his Cross of Gold speech which favored free silver, but he would eventually be defeated in his bid to become the United States president by William McKinley. Although he lost his chance in presidency, he would still travel around to run newspapers and tour as a public speaker. -
The Election of 1896
The Election of 1896 would be between two men, William McKinley and William J. Bryan. The 1896 campaign is often considered by political scientists to be a realigning election that ended the old Third Party System and began the Fourth Party System. Although Bryan would seem to win due to his amazing speech and appeal to the people about the silver cause, he would lose to McKinley. McKinley would soon become the president and the leader for the Republican party. -
William McKinley
William McKinley was born on January 29th, 1843 and would be the 25th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1897 until his assassination in September 1901, six months into his second term. McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish–American War, raised protective tariffs to promote American industry, and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of inflationary proposals. -
George Dewey
George Dewy was born in December 26th, 1837. As an adult, he would be the Admiral of the Navy, the only person in United States history to have attained the rank. He would also be best known for his victory at the Battle of Manila Day during the Spanish-American War. After the Civil War, Dewy would undertake a variety of assignments that dealt with the navy which would then lead him to getting his rank of Admiral of the Navy. -
U.S.S Maine Incident
The U.S.S Maine was commissioned in 1895 and was the first united States Navy ship to be names after the state of Maine. It was originally classified as an armored cruiser and was build in response to the Brazilian battleship Riachuelo. Although it had all of this, the ship would then explode in February 16th, 1898 in the Coast of Havana. The United States would turn this incident into the faults of Spain which would cause us to siege war onto them. -
Siege of Santiago
The primary objective of the American Fifth Army Corps' invasion of Cuba was the capture of the city of Santiago de Cuba. U.S. forces had driven back the Spaniards' first line of defense at the Battle of Las Guasimas, after which General Arsenio Linares pulled his troops back to the main line of defense against Santiago along San Juan Heights. In the charge at the Battle of San Juan Hill U.S. forces captured the Spanish position. -
Treaty of Paris 1898
The Treaty of Paris of 1898 was an agreement made in 1898 that involved Spain relinquishing nearly all of the remaining Spanish Empire, especially Cuba, and ceding Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States. The cession of the Philippines involved a payment of $20 million from the United States to Spain. The treaty was signed on December 10, 1898, and ended the Spanish–American War. The Treaty of Paris would eventually come into effect on April 11, 1899. -
Boxer Rebellion
Boxer Rebellion, officially supported peasant uprising of 1900 that attempted to drive all foreigners from China. “Boxers” was a name that foreigners gave to a Chinese secret society known as the Yihequan (“Righteous and Harmonious Fists”). The group practiced certain boxing and calisthenic rituals in the belief that this made them invulnerable. Their original aim was the destruction of the dynasty and also of the Westerners who had a privileged position in China. -
Wizard of Oz
The Wizard of Oz was published in 1900 and was written by L. Frank Baum. The book would soon become the best seller at the time and would consist of a story of a Kansas girl named Dorothy who gets transported to another world. She would then meet many characters who would help her get back home but each with their own gifts. The book would also become a metaphor for the Guilded age because of the many similarities between the two. -
William Randolph Hearst
Publishing magnate William Randolph Hearst built his media empire after inheriting the San Francisco Examiner from his father. He challenged New York World publisher Joseph Pulitzer by buying the rival New York Journal, earning attention for his “yellow journalism.” Hearst entered politics at the turn of the century, winning two terms to the U.S. House of Representatives but failing in his bids to become U.S. president and mayor of New York City. -
Platt Amendment
On March 2, 1901, the Platt Amendment was passed as part of the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill. It stipulated seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish–American War, and an eighth condition that Cuba sign a treaty accepting these seven conditions. It defined the terms of Cuban–U.S. relations to essentially be an unequal one of U.S. dominance over Cuba. -
Teddy Roosevelt
Teddy Roosevelt would be a rising young Republican politician and would unexpectedly become the 26th president of the United States in September 1901 after the assassination of William McKinley. He would be young and physically robust and bring a new energy to the white house. He would attack head first in the trust funds and become the "trust buster". He was also a dedicated conversationalist and would win the Nobel Peace Prize form negotiating an end to the Russo-Japanese war. -
Meat Inspection Act
The Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906 (FMIA) is an American law that makes it a crime to adulterate or misbrand meat and meat products being sold as food, and ensures that meat and meat products are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions.These requirements also apply to imported meat products, which must be inspected under equivalent foreign standards. This would be the result of the truths found in the book "The Jungle" -
Muller V. Oregon
In 1903, Oregon passed a law that said that women could work no more than 10 hours a day in factories and laundries. A woman at Muller's laundry was required to work more than 10 hours. Muller was convicted of violating the law. His appeal eventually was heard to the U.S. Supreme Court. The Court suggested that the extra work hours would support kinds of state laws with a direct link to heath or safety. This case would use its power to protect the health of women. -
Henry Ford
Henry Ford was born in 1863 and was known to be a little inventor. While he was working for the Edison Illuminating Company in Detroit, he build his first gasoline-powered horseless carriage. He would later establish the Ford Motor Company in 1903 and create the first car, The Motel T. In order to meet overwhelming demand for the revolutionary vehicle, Ford would introduce the method of assembly lines to make cars faster. -
Women's Suffrage
The women’s suffrage movement (aka woman suffrage) was the struggle for the right of women to vote and run for office and is part of the overall women’s rights movement. In the mid-19th century, women in several countries—most notably, the U.S. and Britain—formed organizations to fight for suffrage. Women's suffrage would then be helped allowed with the 19th amendment. They would be lead by famous women such as SBA and Frances Willard. -
Angel Island
Angel Island started its use on January 21, 1910. Just like other immigrants, the Chinese came over to America for better economic opportunities and the only way they were able to get through was if they first stopped at Angel Island. In there, they would be detained and interrogated. Some questions could be about their family history or their villages back in China which would be hard for them to answer. Eventually though, if you pass the questions then you would be allowed to stay in America. -
Election of 1912
The United States presidential election of 1912 was the 32nd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 5, 1912. Democratic Governor Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey unseated incumbent Republican President William Howard Taft and defeated Former President Theodore Roosevelt, who ran as the Progressive Party ("Bull Moose") nominee. Roosevelt remains the only third party presidential candidate in U.S. history to finish better than third in the popular or electoral vote. -
17th Amendment
The 17th Amendment was added on May 13, 1913. The point of this Amendment was to make sure that the united States is composed to two Senators from each State, elected by the people for six years, and each Senator will also have one vote. The electors from each state will them have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures. The election will also not be so construed to affect the election or term of ant Senator chosen. -
Panama Canal
The United States, under the command of President Roosevelt would start building a canal across a 50-mile stretch of the Panama isthmus in 1904. They would do this after the failure of a French construction team during the 1880's. The main engineer in charge, John Stevens would devise an innovated plan and spurred the crucial redesign from sea-level to a lock canal, but it was successor, Lt. Col. George Washington Goethals who would step up and do the job. -
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World War I
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand
In an event that is widely acknowledged to have sparked the outbreak of World War I, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, nephew of Emperor Franz Josef and heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, is shot to death along with his wife by a Serbian nationalist in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on this day in 1914. He had came to Bosnia on a trip and as he was about to leave, a group of people came and tried to shoot him down, he escaped but was then stuck where a man came and killed him and his wife which caused WWI. -
Blacklisting
During this time and before it, many company owners would write down many things that their employees would do, mainly the bad things. This list would be called the black list and would be sent to other employers when the employee would leave whoever they were working for. But during the 1915's, this act would be stopped which would help the employees be able to leave and get new jobs without having to think that there would be a list of bad things they did. -
National Park System
The National Park Service is an agency of the United States federal government that manages all national parks, many national monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations. It was created on August 25, 1916 by Congress through the National Park Service Organic Act and is an agency of the United States Department of the Interior. Their main focus would be to keep the these national parks nice but also allow the public to enjoy the scenes. -
First Red Scare
The First Red Scare was a period during the early 20th-century history of the United States marked by a widespread fear of Bolshevism and anarchism, due to real and imagined events; real events included those such as the Russian Revolution and anarchist bombings. At its height in 1919–1920, concerns over the effects of radical political agitation in American society and the alleged spread of communism and anarchism in the American labor movement fueled a general sense of concern if not paranoia. -
Zimmerman Telegram
The Zimmerman Telegram was a secret communication issued from the German Forein Office in January 1917. Their main focus was to propose a military alliance between Germany and Mexico in the prior event of the United States entering World War I against Germany. The proposal would soon be intercepted and decoded by British intelligence and when shown the the United States would cause them to join in the World War to eventually defeat Germany. -
Mustard Gas
The mustard gas or mustard agent was used during World War I for the intention of killing the enemies with chemical warfare. The use of this would be one of the main weapons used by the Germans and would soon be adapted by other countries to be advanced into somethings more deadly. The mustard gas is made up of Bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide and when applied, would cause blindness and burning on the skin which would eventually lead to death. -
Jazz
The history of jazz would be originated by African-American communities in New Orleans. During the late 19th and early 20th century, they would develop jazz from the roots of blues and ragtime. Jazz would also be seen as an American class and once it hit the 1920's, jazz would be one of the most recognized form of musical expression. It would then emerge in the form of independent tradition and popular musical styles. -
U Boats
During World War I, the Germans would come up with a new Naval power which were the U-Boats. They were typically 214 feet long, carried 35 men and 12 torpedoes, and could travel underwater for two hours at a time. The U-Boats in the early parts of World War I would be one of the worst enemies for the allies because their supply ships were getting destroyed. The U-Boat would turn bad for the Germans after shooting down the Lusitania which caused America to join in the war. -
American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) were the fighting men of the United States Army during World War I. It was established on July 5, 1917, in France under the command of General John J. Pershing. During the United States campaigns in World War I it fought alongside the French Army, British Army, Canadian Army and Australian Army on the Western Front, against the German Empire. The AEF would also participate in major battles like the Battle of Saint-Mihiel -
Tsar Nicholas ii
Tsar Nicholas ii was the last Emperor of Russia with his ruling to be from November 1st to his assassination on July 17th, 1918. His reign would be the fall of the Russian Empire from being one of the foremost great powers in the world to economic and military collapse. Because of this, violence would spew out and things like Bloody Sunday and Semitic pogroms would eventually cause his Assassination. -
The Spanish Flu
The 1918 flu pandemic was an usually deadly influenza pandemic, the first of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus. It would infect 500 million people around the would which included people from remote Pacific islands and in the Arctic. It would also cause the deaths of 50 to 100 million people making it one of the deadliest natural disasters in human history. In the United States alone, it would drop the life expectancy of people to 12 years and kill most juveniles and elderly. -
18th Amendment
The Eighteenth Amendment effectively established the prohibition of alcohol beverages in the United States by declaring the production, transport, and sale of alcohol illegal. The separate Volstead Act set down methods for enforcing the Eighteenth Amendment, and defined which "intoxicating liquors" were prohibited. Because of the government losing money because they couldn't charge alcohol which was one of their main money makers, the 21st amendment turned it around. -
19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment (1920) to the Constitution of the United States provides men and women with equal voting rights. The amendment states that the right of citizens to vote "shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex." Although this equality was implied in the 14th Amendment (1868), most of the states continued to restrict or prohibit women's suffrage. The 19th Amendment could also be thanks to the many women who have pushed the government to do this. -
Treaty of Versailles
World War I officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919. Negotiated among the Allied powers with little participation by Germany, its 15 parts and 440 articles reassigned German boundaries and assigned liability for reparations. After strict enforcement for five years, the French assented to the modification of important provisions. Germany agreed to pay reparations under the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan, but was cancelled when Hitler came along. -
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was an intellectual, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem, New York, spanning the 1920s. The Movement also included the new African-American cultural expressions across the urban areas in the Northeast and Midwest United States affected by the African-American Great Migration, of which Harlem was the largest. The Harlem Renaissance was considered to be a rebirth of African-American arts. -
Al Capone
Alphonse Capone, also known as "Scarface" (January 17, 1899 to January 25, 1947) was one of the most famous American gangsters who rose to infamy as the leader of the Chicago Outfit during the Prohibition era. Before being sent to Alcatraz Prison in 1934 for a tax evasion conviction, he had amassed a personal fortune estimated at $100 million as the head of the infamous crime syndicate. Al would also be part of some of the most grueling fights like the St. Valentine's Day Massacre. -
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1920s
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Picture Brides
The term picture bride refers to the practice in the early 20th century of immigrant workers in Hawaii and the West Coast of the United States and Canada selecting brides from their native countries via a matchmaker, who paired bride and groom using only photographs and family recommendations of the possible candidates. This is an abbreviated form of the traditional matchmaking process, and is similar in a number of ways to the concept of the mail-order bride. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
The Teapot Dome Scandal was a bribery incident that took place in the United States from 1921 to 1922. Secretary of the Interior Albert Bacon Fall had leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome in Wyoming and two other locations in California to private oil companies at low rates without competitive bidding. In 1922 and 1923, the leases became the subject of a sensational investigation by Senator Thomas J. Walsh. Fall would later be convicted of accepting the bribes and be sent of prison. -
Immigration Act of 1924
The Immigration Act of 1924 was a United States federal law that limited the annual number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States as of the 1890 census, down from the 3% cap set by the Emergency Quota Act of 1921, which used the Census of 1910. The law was mainly towards the immigration of Southern Europeans and Eastern Europeans, especially Italians, Slavs and Eastern European Jews. -
American Indian Citizen Act
The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924, also known as the Snyder Act, was proposed by Representative Homer P. Snyder (R) of New York and granted full U.S. citizenship to the indigenous peoples of the United States. While the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution defined as citizens any person born in the U.S., the amendment had been interpreted to restrict the citizenship rights of most Native people. The act was signed into law by President Calvin Coolidge on June 2, 1924. -
Charles Lindbergh
Charles Lindbergh was born on February 4, 1902, In Detroit, Michigan. Charles would grow up and become famous for being the first man to ever complete a solo transatlantic flight in his plane which was called the Spirit of St.Louis. In 1932, his child would be taken and would be forced to pay a ransom of $50,000 dollars but sadly, their son was found dead in the nearby woods weeks later. Lindbergh would die in Maui, Hawaii, in 1974. -
Hoovervilles
A "Hooverville" was a shanty town built during the Great Depression by the homeless in the United States of America. They were named after Herbert Hoover, who was President of the United States of America during the onset of the Depression and was widely blamed for it. The term was coined by Charles Michelson, publicity chief of the Democratic National Committee. There were hundreds of Hoovervilles across the country during the 1930's and hundreds of thousands of people lived in these slums. -
Period: to
The Great Depression
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Black Tuesday
Black Tuesday would be the fourth and last day of the stock market crashing in 1929. It would take place on October 29, 1929 and the stock market would lose up to $14 billion dollars on the New York Stock Exchange which would be equivalent to $199 billions dollars today. Black Tuesday would also be the start to the Great Depression because once the stocks dropped, so did almost everything which caused many people go become poor. -
The Dust Bowl
The Dust Bowl refers to the drought-stricken Southern Plains region of the United States, which suffered severe dust storms during a dry period in the 1930s. As high winds and choking dust swept the region from Texas to Nebraska, people and livestock were killed and crops failed across the entire region. The Dust Bowl intensified the crushing economic impacts of the Great Depression and drove many farming families on a desperate migration in search of work and better living conditions. -
Father Charles Coughlin
Charles Edward Coughlin may also be considered as Father Coughlin was one of the first political leaders to use the radio to reach a mass audience. With his existence in the Catholic church plus talking to people through the radio, he was able to get up to thirty million people to listen to his weekly broadcasts during the 1930's which was the start of the Great Depression. Unfortunately, he was forced off the air in 1939. -
FDR's Alphabet Soup
The alphabet agencies were the U.S. federal government agencies created as part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The earliest agencies were created to combat the Great Depression in the United States and were established during Roosevelt's first 100 days in office in 1933. William Safire notes that the phrase "gave color to the charge of excessive bureaucracy." Democrat Al Smith, who turned against Roosevelt, said his government was “submerged in a bowl of alphabet soup." -
20th Amendment
The Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution moved the beginning and ending of the terms of the president and vice president from March 4 to January 20, and of members of Congress from March 4 to January 3. It also has provisions that determine what is to be done when there is no president-elect. The Twentieth Amendment was adopted on January 23, 1933. The last President to ever have his terms begin and end in March was Franklin. D Roosevelt. -
Public Works Administration
Created by the National Industrial Recovery Act on June 16, 1933, the Public Works Administration (PWA) budgeted several billion dollars to be spent on the construction of public works as a means of providing employment, stabilizing purchasing power, improving public welfare, and contributing to a revival of American industry. Simply put, it was designed to spend "big bucks on big projects." The PWA would be one of the things that push the cause for more buildings -
21st Amendment
The Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution repealed the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which had mandated nationwide Prohibition on alcohol on January 16, 1919. The Twenty-first Amendment was ratified on December 5, 1933. It is unique among the 27 amendments of the U.S. Constitution for being the only one to repeal a prior amendment and to have been ratified by state ratifying conventions. -
Wagner Act
The National Industrial Recovery Act was signed into law by President Franklin Roosevelt on July 5, 1935. It established the National Labor Relations Board and addressed relations between unions and employers in the private sector. The broad intention of the act, commonly known as the Wagner Act after Senator Robert R. Wagner of New York, was to guarantee employees. The NLRA applied to all employers involved in interstate commerce except airlines, railroads, agriculture, and government. -
Social Security Act
On August 14, 1835, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act which established a system of old-age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance, aid for dependent mothers and children, the blind, and the physically handicapped. The law would be passed when a man was walking down Long Beach and saw 3 old women looking through trash for food which was launch the start for the SSA -
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World War II
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Enigma Machine
A German Engineer by the name of Arthur Scherbius would develop the Enigma Machine which was capable of transcribing coded information, in the hope of interesting commercial companies in secure communications. In 1923 he set up his Chiffriermaschinen Aktiengesellschaft (Cipher Machines Corporation) in Berlin to manufacture his product. Within three years the German navy was producing its own version, followed by the army in 1928 and the air force in 1933. -
Tuskegee Airmen
The Tuskegee Airmen were a popular name of African-American military pilots who fought in World War II. They formed the 332nd Fighter Group and the 477th Bombardment Group of the United States Army Air Forces.The all black military pilots were trained at Moton Fields the Tuskegee Army Air Field, and were educated at Tuskegee University. They would then be deployed during World War II and become one of the most popular Air Force Groups in the United States. -
Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941)
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Navajo Code Talkers
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Allied Powers
During World War II, the Allied Powers would team up to defeat their enemies which were the Axis Powers. The Allied Powers would be mainly made up of Great Britain, the United States, and the French to go against the Germans, Italians, and Japanese which were the Axis Powers. Throughout World War II, the Allied Forces would defeat the Axis powers in many battles which would eventually cause the ending to WWII. -
Scorched Earth
A scorched-earth policy is a military strategy that aims to destroy anything that might be useful to the enemy while it is advancing through or withdrawing from a location. Any assets that could be used by the enemy may be targeted, for example food sources, water supplies, transportation, communications, industrial resources, and even the locale's people themselves. The practice would be carried out by the military in enemy territories, or in its own home territory. -
Battle of Anzio
The Battle of Anzio was a battle of the Italian Campaign of World War II that took place from January 22, 1944 to June 5, 1944 ending with the capture of Rome. The operation was opposed by German forces in the area of Anzio and Nettuno. The operation was initially commanded by Major General John P. Lucas, of the U.S. Army, commanding U.S. VI Corps with the intention being to outflank German forces at the Winter Line and enable an attack on Rome. -
D-Day
D-Day was the Normandy landing on Tuesday, June 6, 1944 with the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II. D-Day would be considered to be one of the largest seaborne invasion in history and the operation began the liberation of German-occupied northwestern Europe from Nazi control, and laid the foundations of the Allied victory on the Western Front. In the end, the Allies would lose a total of 10,000+ and the Axis would lose a total of 9000+ -
Little Boy Bomb
The Little Boy was a code name for the atomic bomb that was going to be dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945 during World War II. It was dropped by a Boring B-29 Super fortress Enola Gay and was piloted by Colonel Paul W. Tibbets. The Little Boy would be the first out of the two atomic bombs to be dropped and would open the world up to using radiations in their bombs to cause the deaths and future problems of many citizens. -
Fat Man Bomb
The Fat Man was the code name for the atomic bomb that was detonated over the Japanese City of Nagasaki by the Untied States on August 9, 1945. It would be the second atomic bomb to be dropped out of the two dropped on Japanese during World War II. Just like the Little Boy, it would open the world up to the using and powers of nuclear and radiation in bombs and would cause many people to die and sustain problems for future generations. -
Margaret Sanger
Margaret Higgins Sanger was born on September 14, 1879 and was an American birth control activist, sex educator, writer and nurse. Although she seemed like an ordinary person, she would be mostly known for her push for the use of Birth Control so that women could have sex without having the worry of getting pregnant. This was due to the population at the time turning sex into a more pleasure activity rather than just creating children.
