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Mussolini takes over Italy's Government
Description:
Benito Mussolini became a dictator of Italy's government from 1922-1943. He was the founder of Facism and he allied with Germany and Japan in WWII. He started out as part of the Socialist group. Reference:
-Italian Fascism,. 'Benito Mussolini & The Italian Fascism State'. N.p., 2011. Web. 9 Feb. 2015.
-Trueman, Chris. "Mussolini's Dictatorship." Mussolini's Dictatorship. HistoryLearningSite.co.uk, n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2015. More Info -
Beer Hall Putsch
Description:
The Beer Hall Putsch was a failed takeover, led by Hitler, to gain control of the Weimar government. He led the Nazi Party, who were against the Treaty of Versailles, to attack the regional government in Munich. It lasted two days from November 8, 1923-November 9, 1923 Reference:
-you..., Let. 'Kiev Beer Hall Putsch'. Venik4.livejournal.com.N.p., 2014. Web. 9 Feb. 2015.
-"Beer Hall Putsch." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 28 Feb. 2015. More Info -
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Description:
The Kellogg-Briand Pact (or Pact of Paris) was passed August 27, 1928. The agreement was proposed by France to the United States. Aristide Briand, the Foreign Minister of France, met with Fran B. Kellogg, the U.S. Secretary of State, to try to prevent another World War. Reference More Info -
U.S. Stock Market Crash
Description:
October 29, 1929 "Black Tuesday" was the day that the stock market crashed. This set off a Great Depression not just in America, but around the whole world. Many people lost their jobs, and as a result of this President Franklin D. Roosevelt created the "New Deal." Reference:
-History 12,. 'Black Tuesday, October 22, 1929: Stock Market Crash'. N.p., 2015. Web. 9 Feb. 2015.
-"Stock Market Crash of 1929." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015. More Info -
Nazi invasion of Poland
Description:
The German invasion of Poland created the "blitzkreig" strategy, that was used by Germany throughout the war. Hitler attacked Poland, as away to regain lost territory, and rule over the land. This was the beginning of WWII. Reference:
-Ushmm.org,. 'Invasion Of Poland, Fall 1939'. N.p., 2015. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.
-"Invasion of Poland, Fall 1939." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United States Holocaust Memorial Council, 20 June 2014. Web. 11 Feb. 2015. More Info -
Japan Invades Manchuria
Description:
In 1931 Japan attacked Manchuria, on the eaastern seaboard of China. As their population became overcrowding, and their economy was starting to go downhill, Manchuria seemed the perfect place to expand their bonderies. The League of Nations did nothing to stop this attack. Reference:
-prezi.com,. 'European & Pacific Campaign'. N.p., 2015. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.
-Trueman, Chris. "Manchuria 1931." Manchuria 1931. HistoryLearningSite.co.uk, n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2015. More Info -
Hitler becomes Germany's Chancellor
Desciption:
In July 1932, the Nazi Party was the most powerful party in Germany. As the former Weimar president stepped down, he appointed Adolf Hitler into power. Many of the German citizens saw Hitler as an alternative power after the economic ruin that destroyed their country.He brought new ideas to the table, and had a major influence in the Nazi Party. Reference More Info -
Japan Withdraws from the League of Nations
Description:
Japan wanted to continue pursusing and taking over the Far East, and so they pulled out of the League of Nations. They continued military attacks on China even before they withdrew from the League, but they did nothing about it. Reference:
-Beyondbandofbrothers.com,. 'League Of Nations'. N.p., 2015. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.
-Graning, Steven. "Newsletter." League of Nations. Beyond Band of Brothers, 2008. Web. 01 Mar. 2015. More Info -
Nazi's reach a political majority in Germany
Description:
In 1923, the Nazi Party was barely around. After HItler got out of jail he began to gain followers, for his beliefs in the Nazi Party, and their ideas to create a "Volk" community. He enforced organizations to follow Nazi goals, and thus brought them into power. Reference:
-Worldfuturefund.org,. 'HITLER SPEECH ON ENABLING ACT 1933'. N.p., 2015. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
-Trueman, Chris. "Nazi Germany - Dictatorship." Nazi Germany - Dictatorship. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2015. More Info -
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The night of the long knives (Roehm Purge)
Description:
The night of the long knives, was an assassination against some of Hitler's enemies. Also called "Operation Hummingbird", it strengthened the agreement between the Nazi regime and the German army. In June 1934 Chief Staff Ernst Rohem was in control of the SA (Storm Troppers). Hitler believed they had too much control. Reference
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Hitler openly announces to his cabinet he will defy the Treaty of Versailles
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Creation of the Nuremberg Laws
Description:
The Nazi Party passed two racial laws during their Reich Party Congress in Nuremburg, Germany. The two laws were the Reich Citizenship Law and the Law for Protection of German Blood and Honor, or these are referred to as the Nuremburg Laws. These regulations seperated the German people from having relationships with any Jewish people. [Reference
](http:/https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uggc0pHc2c3doJR3j5cK-oPuR2h6cH2U-tRalB5XnyQ/pub)
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Italy invades Ethiopia
Description:
Benito Mussolini had adopted Hitler's idea to expand Germany's territory. He used this idea, for taking over Ethiopia.As the Italian army attacked Abyssinia in 1935, the League of Nations, again, did nothing about it. Reference:
-Historycentral.com,. 'Italy Invades Ethiopia'. N.p., 2015. Web.
12 Feb. 2015.
-"Italo-Ethiopian War | 1935-1936." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 25 Feb. 2015. More Info -
Hitler Militarizes the Rhineland
Description:
One of the ways that Hitler broke the Treaty of Versailles was that he reoccupied the Rhineland. This was a strip of land between Germany and France that was a neutral zone, where no militarization could occur. France did nothing to gain the land back, and as a result Hitler believed that France wasn't willing to fight against him. Reference
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Rape of Nanking
Description:
After Japan had taking over Machuria and China they began to occupy the land. They continued to slowly progress over the land, and eventually reached Nanking (or Nanjing). So in late 1937, over a 6 week period of time, the Japanese Imperial Army massacred the citizens living there. This event took about 40,000 lives. Reference
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Germany Annexes Austria
Description:
German soliders marched into Austria on March 12, 1938. The troops were sent in to annex the German-speaking nation for the Third Reich. The Austrian Chancellor heard about the plan and sought to meet with Hitler to try to keep the country's independence, but unfortunatly ended up being bullied into Austrian Nazi's for his cabinet. Reference
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Hitler demands the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia
Description:
After Hitler took over Austria he had more confidence. So in 1938, Hitler set his attention on the Sudetenland in Czechslovakia. This was land that was cut off from Germany, after the Treaty of Versailles. As Hitler threatened to take over the land the four main European powers came together and decided to allow him to take over the area. Reference
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Munich Conference
Description:
The Munich Conference was the agreement made by the four main European nations (Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and Germany) to allow Hitler to annex the Sudetenland. Reference:
-"GHDI - Image." GHDI - Image. Ed. Richard Breitman. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2015.
-"Munich Agreement | Europe [1938]." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015. More Info -
Kristallnacht
Description:
The Kristallnacht was a two day event that lasted from Nov. 9, 1938- Nov. 10, 1938. After Hitler became Chancellor of Germany many Nazi policies against the Jews were enforced, however these were all non-violent acts. Kristallnacht was one of the first violent acts against the Jews, causing the conditions for them to be continuously worse. Reference
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Einstein’s letter to FDR, “The Manhattan Project”
Descrption: Einstein sent a letter to Pres. FDR that stated he knew a way to create the atomic bomb. Roosevelt at the time was to invested into the war to pay close attention to Einstein letter, but later on he asked for advice from a ¨Advisory Committee on Uranium" and that led him to the Manhattan Project. This project was in control of the world's first atomic bomb, nucleur power plants, and nucleur powered submarines. Reference
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Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
Description:
An agreement signed on August 23, 1939 between the two foreign ministers of Germany and the Soviet Union. This pact allowed the Germans to exchange manufactured goods with the Soviet Unions raw materials. They also signed a non-aggression act that promised neither side would attack each other. Reference
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Evacuation of Dunkirk
Description:
The Dunkirk Evacuation was an evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force and Allied troops from the seaport of Dunkirk, in France, to England. Naval vessels and civilian boats were used in the evacuation. It ended June 4th with about 198,000 British and 140,000 Belgium and French soldiers saved. Reference
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France Surrenders
Description:
After Paris had fallen the prime minister Henri Petain was replaced by Paul Reynaud. When he came into power he signed a armistice with the Nazi's that went into effect on June 25. This pact stopped fighting between France and Germany for a short period of time. Reference:
-The Huffington Post,. 'Today In History: Germany Surrenders
To The Allies'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
-"France to Surrender." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2015. More Info -
Battle of Britain
Description:
The Battle of Britain was the largest bombing campaign to date. German and British forces fought over the UK and ended after the Luftwaffe( Germany) wasn't able to gain the air superiority as the Royal Air Force Great Britain). The Germans failure was a major turning point in the war. Reference
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The tripartite Pact
Description:
Germany, Italy, and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact, creating the Axis Powers. The treaty stated if there was ever an attack one of the nations the other two would provide assistance. Reference:
-Pacificwar.org.au,. 'Increasing Tensions Between The United States And Japan'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
-"The Tripartite Pact Is Signed by Germany, Italy, and Japan." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2015. More Info -
Lend Lease Act
Description:
The lend lease act, signed in 1941, allowed the U.S. to aid foreign nations during WWII. This pact gave the president a chance to provide any arms to country's like Britain, France, and the Soviet Union. The U.S. believed that by signing this agreement they wouldn't have to be too invested into the war. Reference
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Operation Barbarossa
Description:
Operation Barbarbossa was a massive invasion, by the Axis Powers, on the Soviet Union. It was a major failure made on Hitler's part, and it turned the coarse of the war. German troops had begun to lay seige to the city of Moscow, when one of Russia's famous winters set in. German troops suffered many causilties and the operation was abandoned. Reference
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Bombing of Pearl Harbor
Description:
The bombing of Pearl Harbor led to the U.S. entering the war. On December 7, 1941 Japanese forces attacked on the US Naval Base Pearl Harbor, in Hawaii. The next day Pres. FDR delivered a speech, known as "Infamy Speech" that stated how the attack occured while America was talking about peace. The same day Congress approved Roosevelt's declaration of war. Reference
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Creation of the United Nations
Description:
The creation of the United Nations occured on Jan. 1, 1942. Pres. FDR and Prime Minister of Britain Winston Churchill issued the declaration, and 26 other countries signed this agreement. Reference:
-Blogs.nysut.org,. 'Speak Truth To Power | A Short History Of Human Rights'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
-"United Nations Created." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 08 Mar. 2015. More Info -
The Wannsee Conference and the “Final Solution”
The Wannsee Conference was a gathering of the Nazi party and German government discussing the plans for the "Final Solution." This was the Nazis plan to exterinate Jewish people. The first part of the plan was to gather all the Jews into distingushed areas in cities called ghettos . Than Hitler sent out SS groups or killing squads that woul exterminate these towns. The cities that were missed by these killing squads would be sent to concentration or extermination camps. Reference More Info -
Bataan Death March
Descrription:
After the surrender of Bataan Peninsula, on April 9,1942 Japanese guards led American and Filipino troops across the 65 mile trek to prison camps. They had to march in extreme weather, and harsh conditions resulting in the death of thousands of soldiers. Reference:
-Nydailynews.com,. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
-"Bataan Death March." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 05 Mar. 2015. More Info -
Doolittle Raid
Description:
On April 18, 1942 the Japanese mainland was attacked by 16 B-25 bombers, led by commander James H. Doolittle. It did little damage against Japan, but hurt the Japanese government's status. They believed that the attack came from the Midway Island so they gave approval to the commander there to invade. This led to the defeat at the Battle of Midway. Reference More Info -
Battle of Midway
Description:
The Japanese were planning an attack to ambush the Midway Island, and sink the remaining American aircraft carriers. American forces were able to decipher the Japanese code and new of the invasion. The U.S. was able to counterattack the advance in what is known as the largest naval battle of the war. Reference More Info -
Battle of Stalingrad
Description:
The Battle of Stalingrad lasted from July 1942 to February 1943. German forces has begun to invade the Soviet Union, they made it to Caucasus before Hitler gave the command to take over Stalingrad. They believed that the attack would be quick but Russian soldiers put up a resistance. The fighting continued until commander Zhukov launched his counteratttack the city. This was a major turning point in the war.
Reference
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Operation Torch
Description:
Operation Torch was an invasion led by the Allied forces to regain control of Northern Africa. The plan was to invade Morocco and Algeria, which was run by the Vichy French government. Dwight D. Eisenhower was the commander of the American and British troops involved in the operation. French resistance was able to neutralize the Vichy French forces before the Allied landing.
Reference
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Island Hopping (Buna- Gona Campaign)
Description:
Island hopping was a strategic military advance made by the U.S. where military forces would one by one secure small islands in the pacific. In November 1942 Japanese forces had control of the islands Buna and Gona. So in December Allied forces captured Gona. However the Australian and American troops were not faimilar with the guerilla warfare and weren't able to capture Buna until later on. Reference More Info -
Operation Overlord and D-Day
Description:
On June 6, 1944 Allied troops landed on the 50-mile stretch of beach in Normandy France.Operation Overlord the name of the attack was scheduled for the day before but the weather prohibited it. That same day Allied bombers were supposed to have taken out some of the Axis forces but they were unable to. Eventually the troops were able to storm the beaches but not before encountering many challenges and losing many lives in the process. Reference More Info -
Operation Valkyrie
Description:
Operation Valkyrie was a title given to the assassination plan against Hitler. This idea was actually supported by Hitler for if he ever lost communication with the Nazi government. The attempt was carried out by Claus Stauffenberg. He smuggled explosive's into the "Wolf Lair" hideway. Hitler was able to survive the blast, but four other lives were lost. Reference More Info -
Discovery of Majdanek
Description:
Soviet troops marching near Lublin, Poland on July 24, 1944 stumbled upon the remains of the Majdanek concentration camp. When the soldiers arrived the camp had been burned down and abandoned. German forces had made the prisoners travel onto a death march when they learned the Russian troops were coming. This was the first major concentration camp found. Reference
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Battle of the Bulge
Description:
On December 16, German troops gave one final push to change the tide of the war. As an offensive to try to split up the Allied troops, German forces through Ardennes to Antwerp. They broke through, and were able to reach just short of the Meuse River, creating a bulge. Their victory was short lived when Allied roops were able to push them back. Reference More Info -
Hitler’s Suicide
Description:
On January 16th Hitler retreated to his underground bunker. He wanted to remain in Berlin for the last batlles of the war. His wife Eva Braun was with him, when he recieved word that Russian troops were closing in. Instead of escaping Hitler, his wife, and many other government officials commited suicide. The bodies were recovered by Russian soldiers. Reference More Info -
Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
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V-J Day
Description:
On August 15, six days after the atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, the Japanese Emperor Hirohito declared unconditional surrender to the allies. Thus ending WWII. Reference:
-Rememberthedeadeyes.com,. 'VJ Day 96Th Infantry Division Deadeyes'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
-"V-J Day." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 08 Mar. 2015. More Info -
The Nuremburg Trials
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The Japanese War Crime Trials
Description:
The japanese war crime trials were like the Nuremburg Trials for the Germans. 28 Japanese military and government officials were charged with crimes against humanity commited during the war. At the end of the trials 25 of the 28 defendents were found guity, and 7 of them were put to death.
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The beginning of the Cold War
Descriptin:
The cold war began on account of the political tension between the U.S., Soviet Union, and the European countries. During the war America and the Soviet Union had made an alliance to defeat the German forces. This agreement was quickly forgotten after the war was over and we had to figure how to run it. The Russian government believed capitalism and communism couldn't coexist together and so disputes broke out. Reference More Info
