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Red Summer
May through October of 1919 has been called the Red Summer. 26 race riots occured throughout America. Also, 76 African Americans were lynched. -
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Harlem Renaissance
The flowering of African American culture emerged from Harlem, NY in response from the Great Migration that occured during America's involvement in WWI -
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1920 Lynchings
53 Black Americans were known to be lynched. -
Marcus Garvey
On August 1, Marcus Garvey's Universal Improvement Association held its national convention in Harlem. Garvey's African nationalist movement was the first black American mass movement. -
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1921 Lynchings
59 Black Americans were known to be lynched. -
Tulsla, Oklahoma Race Riot
A 3 day race riot errupted in Tulsa, Oklahoma. A black man, Dick Rowland, was accused of sexually assualting a white woman on an elevator. The next day at the court house a white man tried to disarm a black man and the gun accidently went off. This incident sparked the three-day riot that took an estimated 300 lives. -
"The Negro Speaks of Rivers"
The Crisis, the official NAACP magazine, publishes an 18 year old's (Langston Hughes) poem. This poem was later published in Hughes' book, "The Weary Blues" in 1925. "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" becomes Hughes' signature poem. -
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1922 Lynchings
51 Black Americans were known to be lynched. -
Dyer Anti-Lynch Legislation was Filibustered!
A federal anti-lyching bill was killed by the Senate. -
Rosewood Massacre
This racially-motivated massacre took place the first week of 1923 in Rosewood, FL. The scar this riot left on the community can be seen by the absence of Rosewood on Florida's maps today. This incident can be traced back to racial tensions in Rosewood that culminated with a white woman accusing a black man of sexual assault. The man was never found, however whites in neighboring communities came to Rosewood and lynched a man. -
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1923 Lynchings
29 Black Americans were known to be lynched. -
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1924 Lynchings
16 Black Americans were known to be lynched. -
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1925 Lynchings
17 Black Americans were known to be lynched. -
Malcolm X was Born
Future leader of the Civil Rights Movement was born in Omaha, Nebraska. -
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
A. Phillip Randolf creates the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first black labor union. -
Scotsboro Boys Arrested for Rape
Two white women accused 9 black boys of rape, 8 of the 9 were convicted and sentenced with the death penalty in Alabama. The case was taken to the Supreme Court, which overturned the rulings because the boys were not given a proper defense. However, the Supreme Courth did not clear the boys from the rape charges. Evidence emerged that the women were prostitutes and they were not raped.In the end, 8 of the boys were convicted, however they were not given the death penalty. -
Harlem Race Riot
Harlem's first race riot occured in response to rumors about a teenager being assaulted for shoplifting. There were 3 reported deaths and millions of dollars in damages.