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The Holocaust
The Holocaust-what happened and when -
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Jew prohibitations
Jews are prohibited from being newspaper editors.
Jews not allowed national health insurance.
Jews are prohibited from getting legal qualifications.
Jews are banned from many professional occupations including teaching Germans, and from being accountants or dentists.
Jewish doctors prohibited by law from practicing medicine.
Jews are prohibited from all legal practices.
Jews in Germany are forbidden to be outdoors after 8 p.m. in winter and 9 p.m. in summer. -
Adolf Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany
In the middle of the night, a parade was held to celebrate Hitler becomes chancellor. -
the first official Nazi concentration camp
the first official Nazi concentration camp opens in Dachau -
Hitler becomes a dictator
Because of the suspicious fire that accrued in the Parliament Hitler was given temporary power and this later on made the parliament pass the enabling act which granted him dictation-ship over Germany -
The Gestapo
The Gestapo ("Geheime Stat Polizei" - Secret State Police) is established by Herman Goering, minister of Prussia. -
Burning of books in Berlin and throughout Germany
Public burnings of books written by Jews, political dissidents, and others not approved by the state. -
Führer und Reichskanzler
Hitler proclaims himself Führer und Reichskanzler (Leader and Reich Chancellor). Armed forces must now swear allegiance to him. -
Nuremberg Laws
First anti-Jewish racial laws enacted; Jews no longer considered German citizens; Jews could not marry Aryans; nor could they fly the German flag. -
"Jew" definition
Germany defines a "Jew": anyone with three Jewish grandparents; someone with two Jewish grandparents who identifies as a Jew. -
Sachsenhausen camp
Sachsenhausen concentration camp opens. -
Rome-Berlin Axis
Hitler and Mussolini form Rome-Berlin Axis. -
Buchenwald camp
Buchenwald concentration camp opens. -
Flossenburg camp
Flossenburg concentration camp opens. -
Jew registration
Mandatory registration of all property held by Jews inside the Reich -
Munich Conference
Great Britain and France agree to German occupation of the Sudetenland, previously western Czechoslovakia. -
Jew passports
Following request by Swiss authorities, Germans mark all Jewish passports with a large letter "J" to restrict Jews from immigrating to Switzerland. -
Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass)
Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass): anti-Jewish pogrom in Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland; 200 synagogues destroyed; 7,500 Jewish shops looted; 30,000 male Jews sent to concentration camps (Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen) -
Czechoslovakia
Germans occupy Czechoslovakia -
Ravensbruck camp
Ravensbruck concentration camp opens. -
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact signed:
Non-aggression pact between Soviet Union and Germany -
Beginning of World War II
Germany invades Poland. In the following weeks, 16.336 civilians are murdered by the Nazies in 714 localities. At least 5,000 victims were Jews. -
Jews forced to wear star of David
Jews in German-occupied Poland forced to wear an arm band or star of David. -
Germans occupation
Germans occupy Denmark and southern Norway. -
Germany Invasions
Germany invades the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France. -
Concentration camp
Concentration camp established at Auschwitz. -
Neuengamme camp
Neuengamme concentration camp opens -
France surrenders
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Battle of Britain begins.
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Auschwitz II
Establishment of Auschwitz II (Birkenau) for the extermination of Jews; Gypsies, Poles, Russians, and others were also murdered at the camp. -
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Jews are murdered
Dozens thousands of Russian and Jews are murdered by the Einzatzgruppen (extermination squads) in the occupied territories. Here are some examples:
5,200 Jews murdered in Byalistok
2,000 Jews murdered in Minsk
5,000 Jews murdered in Vilna
5,000 Jews murdered in Brest-Litovsk
5,000 Jews murdered in Tarnopol
3,500 Jews murdered in Zloczow
11,000 Jews murdered in Pinsk
14,000 Jews murdered in Kamenets Podolsk
12,287 Jews murdered in Kishinev -
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Anti-Jewish riots in Romania, hundreds of Jews butchered.
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Rounding up Polish Jews
German authorities begin rounding up Polish Jews for transfer to Warsaw Ghetto. 10,000 Jews died by starvation in the ghetto between January and June 1941 -
Natzweiler-Struthof camp
Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp opens in France -
Germany invades the Soviet Union.
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Japanese attack Pearl Harbor.
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Chelmno (Kulmhof) extermination camp
Chelmno (Kulmhof) extermination camp begins operations: 340,000 Jews, 20,000 Poles and Czechs murdered by April 1943 -
United States declares war on Japan and Germany.
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Extermination by gas
Extermination by gas begins in Sobibor killing center; by October 1943, 250,000 Jews murdered. -
Wannsee Conference in Berlin
Heydrich outlines plan to murder Europe's Jews. -
Extermination
Extermination begins in Belzec; by end of 1942 600,000 Jews murdered. -
Treblinka camp
Germans establish Treblinka concentration camp Summer Deportation of Jews to killing centers from Belgium, Croatia, France, the Netherlands, and Poland; armed resistance by Jews in ghettos of Kletzk, Kremenets, Lachva, Mir, and Tuchin. -
German 6th Army surrenders at Stalingrad
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POW camp
Previously POW camp Bergen-Belsen is under SS control. -
Warsaw Ghetto revolt
Warsaw Ghetto revolt begins as Germans attempt to liquidate 70,000 inhabitants; Jewish underground fights Nazis until early June -
Germany occupies Hungary.
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deporting Hungarian Jews
Nazis begin deporting Hungarian Jews ; by June 27, 380,000 sent to Auschwitz. -
D-Day
Allied invasion at Normandy. -
Group of German officers attempt to assassinate Hitler
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Russians liberate Majdanek killing center
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Death March
Beginning of death march of approximately 40,000 Jews from Budapest to Austria. -
Evacuation of Auschwitz; beginning of death march
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Beginning of death march for inmates of Stutthof
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Death march of inmates of Buchenwald
This continued until the 10th of April -
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Liberations
April 8: Liberation of Buchenwald.
April 15: Liberation of Bergen-Belsen.
April 22: Liberation of Sachsenhausen.
April 23: Liberation of Flossenburg.
April 29: Liberation of Dachau.
April 30: Liberation of Ravensbruck.
May 7: Liberation of Mauthausen. -
Hitler commits Suicide
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V-E Day
Germany surrenders; end of Third Reich -
Bombing of Hiroshima
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Bombing of Nagasaki
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V-J Day
Victory over Japan proclaimed -
End of World War II
Japan surrenders; end of World War II
