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The Crusades

By robin tuscano
  • Nov 1, 1095

    The First Crusade is Called

    The First Crusade is Called
    In November 1095 the First Crusade was called by Pope Urban II in the town of Clermont located in central France. He called on the knights of Europe to re-take the city of Jerusalem from Muslim control.
  • Jul 15, 1099

    The Fall of Jerusalem

    The Fall of Jerusalem
    The Crusaders march across Europe to Constantinople. From there, they're guided by Armenian Christians through Turkey and Syria to Jerusalem. They begin a five week siege of the city in June, and on July 15th, 1099, Jerusalem falls to the Crusaders.
  • Jan 1, 1147

    The Second Crusade

    The second crusade was called by the Abbott Bernard of Clairvaux with the aim of taking Damascus. At this point the Muslim army had re-gained strength and the Crusaders were easily repelled. The second crusade lasted from 1147 - 1149.
  • Jan 1, 1189

    The Third Crusade

    During the third crusade, the Crusaders advanced their interests by capturing the cities of Cyprus and Acre. The third crusade lasted until 1192.
  • Jan 1, 1202

    The Fourth Crusade

    The Fourth Crusade
    The target of the fourth crusade was Egypt, but on their way the Crusaders became involved in a dispute over power between different dynasties of the Byzantine empire. They were promised large sums of gold by the Venetians to help take control of Constantinople, and in 1204 the city is sacked by the Crusaders.
  • Jan 1, 1212

    The Childrens Crusade

    The Childrens Crusade
    Claiming to be recipients of divine visions a group of young peasants attempt a crusade to re-take Jerusalem. They feel that their purity will grant them divine support. They make it as far as Genoa where they are refused passage to the East. Their lack of funds and any real plan causes the endeavor to fail.
  • Jan 1, 1216

    The Fifth Crusade

    The Fifth Crusade
    The fifth crusade was initiated by Pope Innocent III just prior to his death in 1216. The Crusaders again attempted to conquer Egypt, this time with a two-pronged land and sea assault. The Crusaders eventually surrender to Al-Malik al-kamil in 1221.
  • Jan 1, 1229

    The Sixth Crusade

    The sixth crusade occurred when Emperor Frederick II negotiated with al-Kalil for the peaceful transfer of Jerusalem to Crusader control. The Muslim forces re-took Jerusalem 10 years later, once the peace treaty had expired.
  • Jan 1, 1239

    The Seventh Crusade

    The seventh crusade was led by Thibault IV of Champagne. By 1241 the Crusaders had regained control of Jerusalem, but in 1241 an army raised by the sultan of Egypt had taken it back.
  • Jan 1, 1249

    The Eighth Crusade

    Led by King Louis IX of France, the eight crusade targeted Egypt again. His army is defeated at Mansura the following year.
  • Jan 1, 1261

    The Byzantines re-take Constantinople

    In 1261 the Byzantines re-take the city of Constantinople.
  • Jan 1, 1268

    Mamluks demolish Antioch

    Mamluks demolish Antioch
    Outraged by the destruction of Antioch by Mamluk forces, King Louis IX retaliates. He will die two years later, on August 25th, 1270, while fighting in Tunisia.
  • Jan 1, 1271

    The Fall of Montfort Castle

    In 1271 the Sultan Baibars of Egypt captures the Crusader stronghold of Montfort Castle located in what is now Israel.
  • Jan 1, 1291

    Acre Falls

    Acre Falls
    The city of Acre falls to the Muslim army, effectively ending the Crusaders control of their last stronghold in the region.