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Period: to
Slave trade (africans hunted by the Dutch)
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Period: to
Moshoeshoe (life)
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Period: to
Moshoeshoe rule (lesotho)
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Second British occupation of the Cape
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Shaka becomes inkosi
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Period: to
Shaka vs Zwide
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Period: to
Zulu empire
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Battle of Mhlatuze River
Shaka's superior tactics led his people to victory.
When the Ndwandwe attack came, Shaka waited until about half were on each side of the river, effectively splitting the attackers into two separate groups which allowed a Zulu victory. -
Period: to
Orange Free State suffers zulu attacks
Orange Free State devastated by Mzilikazi & his matabele -
Period: to
Mfecane
Mzilikazi and his matabele devastate lands -
Period: to
Ndwandwe–Zulu War
A war between the expanding Zulu Kingdom and the Ndwandwe tribe. -
Shaka forms Zulu empire
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Battle of Gqokli Hill
Shaka of the Zulu nation vs Zwide of the Ndwandwe.
Shaka's first major battle against the dominant power in southeastern Africa, the Ndwandwe Paramountcy. Zulus under Shaka, approximately 5,000 (including auxiliary allies)
Ndwandwes under Nomahlanjana, approximately 12,000 Weather: Hot & dry
Location: kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa In the history of the Zulu nation, Gqokli is probably as famous as Gettysburg or Waterloo to Americans and Europeans. -
Shaka attacked by Qwabe along Mhlatuze River
Shaka attacked by Qwabe warriors led by Phakathwayo along Mhlatuze River -
Settlers move beyond the Orange River
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Period: to
Shaka rule (zulu)
Shaka rules zulu -
Moshoeshoe becomes sotho chief
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British missionaries arrive at Cape
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English becomes official in Cape Colony
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The Tswana areas are disrupted by Difaqane raids
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Battle of Dithakong
MaNthatisi repulsed by Tlhaping with help from Griquas -
Voortrekkers flee the Cape Colony
British expansion pushes Voortrekkers (farmers of Dutch, French and German descent) away from the Cape Colony.
Towards the territories of the Orange Free State -
Lieutenant Farewell receives a grant of land round Port Natal from Shaka
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King Shaka grants land to the British; Port Natal established
British trader Henry Francis Fynn established a permanent settlement at Rio De Natal after land was granted to him by Shaka In 1824 Lt. Farewell decided to open trade relations with Shaka & establish a trading station at the Delagoa Bay.
On a visit to Shaka, Henry Francis Fynn befriended Shaka by helping him recover from a stab wound suffered as a result of an assassination attempt by one of his half-brothers. In gratitude, Shaka granted Fynn a “25-mile strip of coast a hundred miles in depth.” -
Francis Farewell hoists the Union Jack at Port Natal
Francis Farewell hoists the Union Jack at Port Natal after the Zulu king, Shaka, grants the port to establish a trading post -
Death of Mgobozi (Shaka's friend)
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Cape Colony's boundary extended to Orange river
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Death of Nandi (Shaka's mother)
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Shaka zulu asassinated
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Shaka leads Zulu south for raids against the Pondos
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Period: to
Dingane rule (zulu)
Dingane asassinates Shaka and takes over the Zulus -
The Great Trek (start)
The Boers flee from the British rule to zulu & sotho lands -
Slave trade cancelled
Slave trade was cancelled and forbidden by the British (Cape colony) -
4th Kafir War begins
(Christmas) 4th Kafir War begins -
The Great Trek (ongoing)
First parties of the Great Trek follow Voortrekkers -
Swazi state (Sobhuza)
Sobhuza (swazi leader) defeats zulu; Swazi State created -
Battle of Vegkop (Voortrekkers)
Voortrekkers under Andries Potgieter defeat the Ndebele at the Battle of Vegkop. -
Voortrekker Republic
Andreas Pretorius becomes Vortrekkers leader.
Established at Winburg -
Eugene Casalis becomes Moshoeshoe's advisor
Eugene Casalis becomes Moshoeshoe's foreign advisor -
The Voortrekkers (Piet Retief) arrive in Natal
The voortrekkers under the leadership of Piet Retief arrived in Natal over the Drakensberg mountains after trekking overland from the Cape Colony during the Great Trek. -
Period: to
Eugene Casalis
in office in SA -
Voortrekkers defeat Ndebele at Mosega
Voortrekkers under Andries Potgieter, Piet Uys and Gerrit Maritz, helped by Rolong and Griqua tribes, defeat Ndebele at Mosega Amandebele (Matabele) under the leadership of Mzilikazi (Moselekatse) attacked the Voortrekkers at the Vegkop Laager in the Free State (40 000 Voortrekker cattle captured) prompted Comdt Andries Hendrik Potgieter and Comdt Gerrit Maritz to embark on a retributive attack.
After the defeat the Amandebele crossed the Limpopo and settled in Mashonaland, Rhodesia. -
Piet Retief vs Dingane
Piet Retief (Voortrekker leader) negotiated on land with Dingane (zulu) for lands.
Dingane asked Voortrekkers to retrieve the stolen cattle. When Voortrekkers returned (Feb 3, 1837), Piet Retief and Dingane signed a treaty. When celebrating at night, Dingane's people cruelly asassinated Retief and his party. -
Boer Republic of Natalia
The Voortrekkers under Pretorius establish Natalia Republic with Pietermaritzburg as capital -
Mpande + Pretorius vs Dingane
Mpande (Dingane's half-brother) unites with Andreas Pretorius (Vortrekkers) against Dingane (zulu) -
Battle of Italeni
9 April - Battle of Italeni where Zulus repulsed the Voortrekkers. -
Zulus kill Voortrekker leaders (Piet Uys & Dirkie Uys)
Voortrekker leaders Piet Uys and his son Dirkie Uys die in battle at the hands of the Zulus. -
Successful Boer defence of Veglaer
Successful Boer defence of Veglaer -
British troops land at Port Natal
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Retief's party massacred
Retief's party massacred on Kwa Matiwane -
Battle of the Blood River
Zulu (Mzilikazi) vs Voortrekkers (Andries Pretorius). Voortrekkers under Andries Pretorius defeat the Zulus (Mzilikazi) -
Battle of the White Umfolozi
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Pretorius burns the kraals round Umgungundhlovu
Pretorius burns the kraals round Umgungundhlovu prior to his departure -
Swazi annex lands to the north
Late 1830s - Mswati I annexed new lands to the north of the Swazi state -
Mpande flees into Natal with his followers
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Moshoeshoe's treaty with the British
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Period: to
Mpande rule (zulu)
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Nongalaza defeats Dingane`s army north of the Mkuzi river
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Mpande crowned as king of the Zulus
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Missionary David Livingstone arrives in Cape Colony
Missionary David Livingstone arrives in the Cape Colony and proceeds to Kuruman before journeying through Central Africa -
British vs Boers war
Natalia annexed by the British -
Moshoeshoe negotiates with the British
Moshoeshoe asks the British for protection of the Sotho against the Boer settlers -
Dick King's ride
Dick King rides his horse ride from Durban to Grahamstown to get help -
Battle of Congella
War breaks out between the British and the Boers in Natal -
Moshoeshoe becomes 'Friend of the British'
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Swazi state lands threatened by the Europeans
Swazi lands surrounded by European invaders -
Natal is proclaimed a British colony
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Lesotho becomes Basutholand
Protected by the British -
Orange Free State formed
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Boers buy Swazi lands
Boers buy lands from Swazi leaders -
South-African Republic created
Moshoeshoe expels the British. (South-African republic will become Transvaal later) -
Orange Free State approved (?)
Signed at the Orange River Convention; was recognized by the British -
Period: to
Cetshwayo rule (zulu)
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Period: to
Dinuzulu rule (zulu)
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Period: to
Queen Victoria takes over Zulu empire