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Brown v. Board of Education
Supreme court case which ruled that racial segregation in education was unconstitutional. This case helped push forward the civil rights movement by proving that the "separate but equal" argument was invalid. The "separate but equal" argument was derived from 1896 Supreme court case "Plessy v. Ferguson". -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This Act provided more funding to children with disabilities that came from low income households. Resources were allocated to families so that their child could have access to proper education. -
P.A.R.C v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children brought this case forward after more than a dozen children were denied access to public education due to a state law that permitted schools to omit education to children who hadn't "reached the mental age of a five year old" by or before 1st grade enrollment. It was ruled that excluding children with mental disabilities from a public education was unconstitutional. -
Mills v. Board of Education
Furthered the P.A.R.C case by expanding it's jurisdiction of public schools accommodating not only children with developmental disabilities but any disability. These disabilities may include but are not limited to, physical, emotional, behavioral, etc. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
The FIRST disability civil rights law created in the United States. This helps ensure that there is no person with a disability left out and that they have equal oppurtunity as everyone else. -
The Education of All Handicapped Children Act
Congress enacted this act with the goal of protecting the rights of all children with disabilities by ensuring that states adequately accommodating them and any needs they may have. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
(IDEA) is the amended version of The Education of All Handicapped Children Act. It's amended in the way that it provides more accommodations and assistance for handicapped children of all ages. For example, IDEA provides programs to prepare for vocational success through proper transitioning from school to employment. -
No Child Left Behind Act
Each state had to set state academic standards with a state test to help close education gaps between students. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
A federal law created to ensure that government budget is allocated to provide states with the proper funding for the nation's special education services. In addition to better funding, this act ensures that each student has an individualized education plan. -
The Every Student Succeeds Act
This act replaced the "No Child Left Behind Act". Under this Act, some students with significant cognitive disabilities may be exempt from taking standardized tests.
