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Brown v. Board of Education
Court case which determined that segregation on the basis of race violated an individual's equal education opportunity. This court case led to a better understanding that every individual, regardless of race, gender, or disability, has a right to a public education. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Enacted by Congress in 1965, this act addressed the inequality of educational opportunities for under privileged children. Provided resources for disadvantaged students as a way to give them access to a quality education. -
PARC v. Pennsylvania Board of Education
First filed on January 7, 1971, this lawsuit overturned the Pennsylvania law which restricted the quality education children, specifically children with mental disabilities, receive. The state was to provide a free public education for children with mental disabilities. -
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
Court case that brought up the unfair treatment, and denial of seven children's right to an education. Court ruled that students with disabilities have the right to receive a public education, even if they are unable to pay for the education services. It also further stated that the education received are tailored to the student's learning capacities. Many elements shown in this court case set the foundation for the Individuals with Disabilities Act. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
This act states that an individual with a disability cannot be excluded or denied benefit from any program or activity whom is receiving federal funding, regardless of public or private status. It also states that children with disabilities may be eligible for special education and related services under this section, if that child is determined to have a physical, or mental, impairment which substantially limits a major life activity. -
Education of All Handicapped Children Act
Introduced after the Mills and PARC courts cases to establish a right to education for all children with disabilities. It would also hold the state and local educational agencies accountable for providing educational services for all children with disabilities. Children with disabilities are entitled to a free and appropriate public education; they have an individualized education program(IEP) and are to be provided such services in the least restrictive environment (LRE). -
American with Disabilities Act
A civil rights law that prohibited the discrimination of people with disabilities in employment, state and local government, public accommodations, commercial facilities, transportation, and telecommunications. The main purpose of this act was to provide individuals with disabilities easier access to american society. -
Reauthorization of IDEA
Focus in this re-authorization shifted from providing access to public education services, to providing meaningful and measurable programs for all students with disabilities. Some parts significant to this amendment were; measurable annual goals were written; mandatory assessment and measurement of progress; an increase in parental involvement in developing a child's IEP; and the mandatory reporting of goal progress it parents. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
Reauthorized the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act; this act was to provide an education that met the unique needs and prepares children for further education, employment, as well as independent living. It also protected the rights of children with disabilities and their parents. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
Federal legislation: reauthorized the ESEA and replaced the NCLB. Gave states more say in how schools account for student achievement; includes the achievement of disadvantaged students. Disadvantaged students fall into four groups: poverty, minorities, those receiving special education, and those with limited English language skills. It gave parents a chance to weigh in on education plans; especially important if you are a parent of a child receiving special education services.
