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Jimmy carter presidency
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Operation Cyclone
Operation cyclone was the code name the U.s government gave to the support and finacing of the Afghan mujahideen before and during the soviet war in Afghanistan. President Carter was the one who authourized the program. The idea was to support the anti-communist rebels in afghanistan in their fight against the invading soviet union. President Reagan expanded the program with the Reagan doctrine in 1985 which included aiding anti-Soviet resistance movements abroad. -
Babrak Karmal installed as ruler
Babrak Kamal was installed as the ruler of afgahnistan in 1979. Kamal had to get over trust issues the people had towards the government. He claimed that he would protect the private capital a year before he was leader, but he failed. Kamal made three big promises when he took office; 1. The general amnesty of prisoners, 2. The promulgation of the Fundamental Principles of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan 3. The adoption of a new flag with the traditional black, red and green. -
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Babrak karmal in power
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Ronald Reagan presidency
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Peace Accords
The peace accords were an agreement between afghanistan and pakistan towards the end of the cold war. With the United states and the soviet union being the guarantors the accords made an agreement of non-interference and non-intervention. An agreement between Pakistan and Afghanistan on the voluntary return of Afghan refugees among others was made as well. -
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afghan civil war
Mohammad Najibullah was the communist president of afghanistan untill april 1992. Shorty after his resignation, the Peshawar Accord, a peace and power-sharing agreement united all of the afghan parties in April 1992, except the Hezb-e Islami of Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. This group started attacks on the Kabal the capital where most of the fighting at this point was taking place. Towards the end of the war most of the fighting was done between the taliban and their opposition, the Northern Alliance. -
Taliban seize Kabal
The taliban took control of the capital in september 1996. Under the command of Mullah Mohammed Omar women were banned from many freedoms including: working outside of home, going to school and going out without the accompaniment of a male. As punishment for suspected theft they would cut limbs off, and public exicutions were common. -
UN air embargo on Afghanistan
Because of all the violence afghanistan's war the UN imposed a volentary arms embargo on afghanistan. The taliban was invloved in human rights abuse and housing osama bin laden and other terrorist leaders. This basically means (if you decide to participate) no arms will be given to any afghan party in conflict. The taliban for the most part controlled afghanistan in the mid 1990s and were a substantial force. The embargo has never officially been lifted but a mandatory embargo was put in place. -
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George Bush presidency
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9/11
Known as the september 11th attacks 9/11 was the one of the largest terrorist attacks on US soil. Conducted by Al-Qaeda, four passenger planes were hijacked and redirected towards three targets. Their tagets were the world trade center, the pentagon, and most likely the US capital. Having never experienced anything like this the US reaction was emense; Paranoia, heightend security, hate crimes etc. President Bush's address after the attack was loved by the public and the war on terrorism began. -
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US Invation of afghanistan
Almost immediately after the september 11th attacks, President bush authorized the invation of Afghanistan by American soilders. Support from allies like canada and britain in the attack war on terrorism was immediate, NATO joined in 2003. Bush demanded that osma bin laden be turned over by the taliban, they delined. The US had many objectives to complete one of which was to secure kabal, the capital. The war lasted thirteen years, the longest in US history.
