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Period: to
The Russian Revolution
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Russia Precarious
Internal state of Russia precarious. Tsar politically isolated and universally unpopular. -
Provisional committee becomes provisional government
The Petrograd Soviet of workers and the Duma for a 'Provisional Committee', later to become a 'Provisional Government' -
Tsar Nicholas II Leaves throne.
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Conflict emerges from war
Conflict in the dual power begins to emerge. Disagreement on whether to continue the war (WWI) and war aims. -
Lenin returns from exile.
Lenin returns from exile in Switzerland. Change of Bolshevik policy in supporting the provisional government. April Theses. Lenin advocates overthrow of provisional government by the soviets for the working class. Also advocated redistribution of land to peasants and signature of peace treaty with Germany. Policy of 'All Power to the Soviets'. -
Prime Minister Lvov resigns
Demonstrations called by the Petrograd Soviet to outmaneuver the Bolsheviks. Bolshevik support still strong. The July Days. Kronstradt sailors supporting Bolsheviks demonstrate in Petrograd. Demonstrators fired on and chaos followed. Prime Minister Lvov forced to resign and replaced by Kerensky. Bolsheviks held responsible for bloodshed and their newspapers closed and warrants for arrest of leaders issued. Lenin and Stalin fled. Trotsky and Kamenev imprisoned. -
General Korilov
Kornilov Affair - General Kornilov tries to move on Petrograd with his troops, under pretext of restoring order. Kerensky appeals to Bolsheviks for help in defeating Kornilov. Lenin recognized the opportunity and formed a Red Guard of Bolshevik soldiers and workers, set up Military Revolutionary Committee. Most of Kornilov's troops deserted, Kornilov arrested and Bolshevik support increased further. -
October Revolution
October Revolution. Bolsheviks agree to make seizure of power 'the order of the day'. Kerensky mobilizes troops too late and they are defeated by troops loyal to the Bolsheviks. Insurrection, led by Trotsky, now begins. All main public buildings occupied. Kerensky flees. Bolsheviks assume power and effect series of radical reforms. -
Gregorian Calendar
Russia adopts Western (Gregorian) calendar -
Poland invades Russia.
Was fought over land that is now ukraine.
