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Jean Lesage and the Quiet Revolution
Jean Lesage was the premier of Quebec from 1960 up until 1966. He worked to promote nationalism in Quebec. Lesage wanted to 'de-dolonize' the Quebec economy. Now the Quiet Revolution worked to improve the economic and social standards for the Quebecois, give French-speakers increased freedom and control of their futures.
The slogan “Masters in our own house” encouraged French-Canadians to take control of their lives and their land. -
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Front de Libération du Québec (FLQ)
The Front de Libération du Québec (FLQ), was a terrorist group founded in the 1960s. They fought for the independance of Quebec. They conducted acts of violence such as bombings, kidnappings, violent assaults, and bank robberies. march 7th 1963 was their first attack, the bombing of railroad that PM John Diefenbaker was to travel on. -
Lester B.Pearson and the Flag Debate
After the 1867 confederation, Canada did not really have a flag of it’s own. Canada adopted the Union Jack and the Red Ensign as it’s flag, due to it’s strong relations to Great Britain.
Pearson realized early 1964 that the creation of a national flag was necessary to strengthen national unity.Once in power Pearson fought more than ever for a Canadian flag
october 1964 the committee was down to three designs: a design with three red maple leafs. -
Official Languages Act
The official languages act was a Canadian law that passed September 9th, 1969, that gave both French and English speaking people equal rights and status. In the end was the key to Canada's official bilingualism.The law decreed that in any court, both languages spoken would be respected and treated in equality. It also decreed that people would not be discrimintaed by their official language and made sure for employment jobs were available for everyone of any speaking language. -
Pierre Trudeau and the October Crisis
Pierre Trudeau was the Prime Minister of Canada from 1968-79, and then from 1980-1984.Began October 7 1970 with the Kidnapping of James Cross (british trade commissioner)by the FLQ, followed by kidnapping of Pierre Laporte (minister of immigration and labour) who was later killed by FLQ.Trudeau established soldiers around Parliament Hill from the Canadian Armed Forces to protect citizens after the kidnappings. Then
Trudeau invoked the War Measures Act. -
1980 Quebec Referendum
A referendum is a vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision. The1960s Quiet Revolution, increase of nationalism in Quebec and had a desire for more political control and preservation of culture. The Parti Quebecois held a vote for the people of Quebec to for mandate to negotiate sovereignty association. The proposal was refused by 59.56 percent to 40.44 percent. PQ maintains that sovereignty is only “viable option” for Quebec. -
Rene Levesque/Parti Québécois and Sovereignty-Association
This was a political movement promoting the idea of an independent Quebec. Rene Levesque was the founder of parti Quebecois and the 23rd premier of quebec. The Parti Quebecois is a political party which advocates national sovereignty for Quebec. May 1980, Parti Québécois referred to it all as the Sovereignty Association, and asked for the people to vote for it. The Parti Quebecois lost the vote. -
Brian Mulroney and the Meech Lake/ Charlottetown Accords
PM Mulroney and Progressive Conservatives try to win Quebec’s consent to series of proposed amendments to the Constitution of Canada 1987 (after its rejection in 1981). They wanted to persuade Quebec to “symbolically endorse” the 1982 constitutional amendments by giving more weight to provinces and less to the federal government, recognize Quebec as a “distinct society”. The 3 year deadline wasn't reached so this caused even more tension, then general aims adressed in Charlottetown failed. -
Jean Chretien/1995 Referendum and the Clarity Act
The clarity act was the second national Quebec referendum regarding sovereignty into an independent country, with a condition precedent of offering political and economic agreement with Canada. This was launched by the Parti Quebecois but after the vote Quebec lost and stayed apart of Canada by 1%. -
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Lucien Bouchard and the Bloc Quebecois
Lucien Bouchard was the premier of Quebec from 1996-2001 and he joined Parti Quebecois. In may, 1990 Bouchard resigned from cabinet/conservative party and formed the bloc quebecois out of similar minded Quebec MP’s. Bouchard promised to put Quebec’s immediate interests first in parliament. Bouchard was the one who took control of independance campaign.
