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Fall of the Soviet Union
The fall of the Soviet Union fractured the government juggernaut and its services. Institutions such as the former Ministry of Culture had to reorganize the hierarchy of their organization and scale it to the national level. -
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"Shock Therapy" and Economic Instability: Russia and Ukraine
Due to harsh economic reforms imposed to upon the former Soviet Union, Russia experienced a period of inflation and debt which contributed to harsh living conditions as basic commodities became hard to find. Ukraine experienced similar conditions as the sudden transition led to an unplanned adjustment for the dominant industries. -
Fall of the Soviet Republic of Afghanistan
After the Soviet troops exited their Afghan occupation after encountering staunch resistance from mujahideen fighters, the regime that they had left to rule the nation came crumbling down rapidly. Soviet-backed president Mohammad Najibullah soon was ousted as leader, leading to a civil war between the many militia groups and political parties who had worked together to drive out the Soviets -
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The reign of anarchy: Afghanistan in Transition
Mujaheddin warlords who had ousted the Soviet regime began to quarrel for power, forcing Afghan society to endure the destabilizing effects. -
The Constitution of the Russian Federation
Organized the new republic, giving public libraries new jurisdictions and a unified hierarchy centered around central library systems. -
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Rise of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (The Taliban)
The Taliban regime set forth an extremely dangerous time for libraries and the nation as a whole. Although the Taliban initially gave Afghan citizens a reprieve from the constant upheaval that had occurred since 1992, they soon turned to be one of the most culturally and politically oppressing regimes in modern human history, burning books, closing libraries, and decreasing library attendance. -
The Constitution of Ukraine
The Constitution marks an official separation between the former Soviet Union and another step towards the development of the new nation and its identity in the modern world. -
U.S Coalition Intervention in Afghanistan
In the wake of the 9/11 attacks, the U.S occupied Afghanistan and ousted the reigning Taliban regime and erecting a U.S dependent democracy with Hamid Karzai as president.