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1500
Land Bridge
The first occupants of Quebec's territory arrived a very long time before the Europeans did. The first occupants came from Asia through the Bering land bridge about 30 000 years after the glaciations lowered the oceans level. They slowly began to settle in different parts of North America eventually occupying all of it. According to some sources, the aboriginals would have reached Quebec's territory about 12 000 years ago -
1500
Relationships Between the Natives
The relationship between the natives was very complicated many of them were enemies, for example, the Iroquois were enemies with the Hurons. The Iroquois also fought with a tribe known as the innus but they also go by the name Montagnais. There are much more conflicts such as these between aboriginal groups/tribes. -
1534
Jacques Cartier's trips
Jacques Cartier went on a trip to search for another way into Asia and to find precious materials. He found much more when he came through the St. Lawrence River and claimed the territory in the name of King Louis the fourteenth of France. The territory then became know as New France and it became very important because it started the trade of fur and it helped expand the power of France but it did start conflicts with certain aboriginal groups and the Thirteen Colonies. -
1535
beginning of the Partnership between the french and natives
The French initially planned on taking advantage of the natives but they could not because they needed the aboriginals more than they realized and it was essential to have the natives on their side as they taught the French how to survive the harsh winters and also taught them the art of canoeing. -
60 years after the original settlement
60 years after the original settlement the King of France was rejuvenated and again interested in building a new world colony but he was against other superpowers such as Great Brittain. To accomplish this the King sent a voyage in 1605 to establish a settlement in what is now Nova Scotia but they called it Port Royal. Samuel De Champlain was part of this voyage however, this settlement did not last very long because of its position. -
Negatives that started with the founding of New France
The negatives of the founding of the colony of New France were that it caused certain territorial arguments with the natives but most notably it caused many conflicts that lead to war between the Colony and the 13 colonies which highly influenced the way the French ran the colony as they tried to spread out the population as much as possible to help avoid a takeover from their enemies. -
Advantages of the colony of New France
The colony of New France gave many advantages to France. Most notably the trade of fur and the ability to make trade posts and expand the power of the king of France which was very important to him -
Company of 100 associates
The company of 100 associates was hired to increase the rate of growth of the population for the colony of New France in 1627. This did not last very long as they got fired after not performing to the expectation of the King of France. -
Jean Talon
New France was struggling to find people to live there, they hired the Company of One Hundred associates and after they failed the King of France decided to hire his intendant Jean Talon. He boosted the rate of birth dramatically by bringing more women to the colony to get married and have children.He also gave certain incentives to get married and have children, for example, an amount of twenty livres to men who got married at the age of twenty or less. This boosted the population dramatically. -
Filles Du Roy
The Filles Du Roy was a way that the intendent Jean Talon used to increase the population of the colony of New France as well as a number of women in the colony as before this the men vastly outnumbered the men. These women came from France with the sole purpose of being married and reproducing. -
seigneurial system
The seigneurial system was the way the territory of New France was divided among the people who lived there. Those people were called censitaires. The censitaires paid the seigneur with a percentage of their crops and a certain amount of free labor. The seigneurs had to pay for the common land for the animals where they would drink, the roads and the mill. -
The British Regime
Under the British regime, most of the immigrants that came in were not of the Catholic religion, The Irish were mostly Protestant or Catholic, the British were mostly either Protestant or Jewish and most of the immigrants in the 19th century were Irish and had no trouble joining the society. -
The Quebec act
The Province is expanded. The oath of allegiance is replaced with one that no longer makes reference to protestante faith. There is now free practice of catholic faith. The use of the french civil laws is restored, but the english criminal laws still maintained. -
The american revolution
In 1776 the 13 colonies declare independence from British control, but many people still remain loyal and move to British north America.They are called loyalists. The revolution lasted from 1775 to 1783. -
Loyalists
They received many new immigrants who spoke the english language and most people were hoping that it would make french canadiens a minority but in fact it had a very small effect on the demographic -
Life Expectancy
During the 18th century, the mortality rate was extremely high in Quebec especially in children and infants mostly due to the poor quality of water and milk. Another reason was exposure to extreme cold and some contagious diseases such as smallpox and rabies just to name a few so the life expectancy was not too high. -
Increase of Immigration
In 1815, Great Brittain won a war against France but at the same time the population was facing a very large increase in population by about 15 percent and the unemployment rate was climbing. The choice of emigrating to the colony of Canada was highly recommended in the newspapers and other such ways and it resulted in an increase in immigration to Canada -
Contagious Diseases
There were many contagious diseases in the 18th century such as smallpox and rabies but the situation vastly improved in the 19th century with the beginning of vaccinations for those diseases. However, the technique had not been perfected and many people who took the vaccination contracted the disease which pushed certain physicians to oppose vaccinations. However, when smallpox killed nearly 3000 deaths in Montreal in 1885 the government decided to make it compulsory (Mandatory). -
Grosse Ile
When contagious diseases would get out of hand they would send the people infected with those diseases to an island people called "Grosse Ile". They did this because the disease wiped out between 10 and 15 percent of the whole population of Quebeccity -
The great Famine
etween 1845 and 1852 there was a period of mass starvation in Ireland. The main food source was potatoes and a disease made the potatoes not fit to eat. Approx. 1 million people died and 1 million emigrated. Grosse-Île was used as a quarantine area to prevent disease from spreading in British North America. -
Relationships with Amerindians
The French's relationship with the Amerindians evolved as the years went along so they started trading fur and such materials and they became allies which eventually ended certain conflicts between certain aboriginal tribes like the montagnais. -
immigration to the United States
There were three main reasons immigration to the United States was so popular. Such as the lack of unemployment in the agricultural sector, Industrialisation and the brain drain which is when the smarter people of the population go on to seek better opportunities. All of these factored in the immigration from Canada to the United States. -
French Canadian Emigration
The french canadiens would emigrate to Ontario or Manitoba to become farmers and other jobs because they were being prejudiced against. these provinces were easily accessible due to the railroad. -
Evolution Of Birth rate
The baby boom happened, many babies were born and it was all because of the war and people started having more babies and it boosted the population a lot and most families were averaging over 4 kids but nowadays the demographics shows that the average family has under 2 kids. -
Ethical Immigration
Lots of the immigrants joining were no longer discriminated against so more people of different religions were accepted into the country and most importantly they successfully fitted into society and were allowed into it without discrimination.
