-
3200 BCE
Pharoah Snefru
Ships from pheonicia to Egypt via the Mediterranean Sea.
Important-trading routes -
2750 BCE
Egyptians
Red sea from YouTube and Arabian Peninsula
Important-first recorded see voyage of exploration -
2000 BCE
Polynesians
South pacific east word from Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa -
450 BCE
Herodotus
Greece
Published detailed history of greases struggles with Persian empire and detailed map -
400 BCE
Pytheas
Mediterranean and the adjacent Atlantic up to Great Britain Determined how far north of South you are from the Northstar -
Period: 264 BCE to 194 BCE
Eratosthenes
In Greece, Britain, Egypt
Calculated the earths circumference and invented the first latitude longitude system -
127 BCE
Hipparchus
In Greece. Invented/improved latitude and longitude system to the one we use today -
Period: 63 BCE to 24
Strabo
In Greece. Made a map and included the Seas -
Period: 100 to 168
Ptolemy
In Greece. Show earth as a sphere on flat paper -
981
Erik the red Viking
Westward from Iceland. Discovered Greenland -
995
Vikings Lief Eriksson
Greenland-Canada. Found Vinland, now new fandland, Canada -
1000
Chinese
Korea,Japan, Australia. Chinese seafaring made trade easier and faster -
1125
Chinese
China. Invented the compass and was very first used in seafaring in 1125 -
1400
Chinese
China. Shipbuilding and invented watertight compartments and central rudders -
1400
Prince Henry the navigator of Portugal
Portugal. Route to east Africa, made maps, and used his compass -
1487
Bartholomeu Dias
Portugal via Atlantic Ocean to Cape of good hope completed the first voyage in Cape of good hope -
Period: 1492 to 1492
Christopher Columbus
Portugal across Atlantic to Caribbean islands find trade route from Portugal to East Indies/Asia but use the wrong circumference of earth -
Period: 1497 to 1498
Vasca da Gama
Lisbon-indies
Lead voyage fully around cable good hope to India -
1507
Amerigo Vespucci
Portugal, Spain and Italy, explored much of south America and recognized area as “New World“. Maps of the area and Americans named after Amerigo -
Period: 1519 to 1522
Ferdinand Megellan
Began in Portugal, across Atlantic, South America coast, straight of Magellan. Died in Philippines. Wanted to also establish trade route to E. via Atlantic. Begin first circum around the world -
1522
Juan Sebastian del Caño
Portugal across Atlantic and Pacific hand completed back to Portugal. Officially first person to circumnavigate the globe. Finished Magellans voyage -
Period: 1577 to 1580
Francis Drake
From London west coast of South America read Spanish ship for treasure second circumference -
John Harrison
Britain. Invented a clock runs accurately at sea And tells longitude and latitude navigation -
Period: to
James Cook
England to South America.-Back to England to seek an Undiscovered continent for England -
Period: to
James Cook
From England and Cape of Good Hope continued science explorations. One more specific search south continent found many islands in Pacific -
Period: to
James Cook
Down from England around Cape of good hope sound Hawaii departed who are you to Oregon then back. Purpose was to find the Northwest passage. Discovered Hawaii where Cook died -
Period: to
Charles Darwin
England, circle of the earth studying the Southern oceans, voyaged along both coasts of South America -
Period: to
Charles Darwin
England, traveled south oceans, South America. Discovered animals in Galapagos. Natural selection -
Period: to
Matthew Maury1855
US to Europe around the world, South America pacific coast -
Period: to
Charles Wilkes
Left Norfolk, Maderira of South America, Tierra del Fuego -
Period: to
Thomas and Murray
Challenger. Atlantic, pacific oceans. Discovered mid Atlantic ridge -
Meteor
Mapping sea floor with echo sounding technology -
Atlantis
Mapped the mid Atlantic ridge -
Will Bebe and Otis Barton
Bathysphere. Deep ocean dive -
Jacques Cousteau
Aqua lung. First SCUBA -
Period: to
Challenger II
Deepest part of ocean in Marianas trench. 618mi -
Period: to
Alvin
Most used submersible. Found titanic -
Lt. Dan Walsh and Jacques Piccard
Bathyscope. Deepest in ocean 7 miles -
Cousteau Conshelf I
Lived underwater for one week -
Conshelf II
Small village 10 meters deep -
Captain George Bond
SEALAB -
NASA tektite I
43 feet deep for 60 days st john -
SEALAB III
186 meters fatality forced them to abandon -
Loran C
Determine position of boat electronically. Land based -
Dr. Sylvia Earle Tektite
42 meters. Only women -
Period: to
ROVS
Unmanned sub. Umbilical to surface -
Period: to
Aquarius
Underwater habitat off st croix -
GPS
Global Positioning System -
Period: to
NASA Aquarius and NEEMO
Mission that sends participants to live in Aquarius