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Born
A Xhosa born to the Thembu royal family, -
Period: to
Nelson Mandela
was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black chief executive, and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid through tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation. Politically an African nationalist and democratic socialist, he served as President of the African N -
Childhood
Rohilhlala ( conflict in Xhosa language ) spent the years of his childhood doing themselves shepherds of their tribe tasks in the village of Qunu , 22 kilometers Mvezo , where he received his Christian name , Nelson, his first teacher . -
Youth
After the death of his father , the young Mandela was sent to Mqhekezweni to be educated by the regent of the Thembu , the head Jongintaba , in order to become adviser to the future King . Western education , he learned to rebel against tribal law rather than against the British Empire , which ruled South Africa in the early twentieth century , and left his fate to avoid an arranged marriage , fleeing to Johannesburg . His African nationalist consciousness made him join the African National -
Marriages
Nelson Mandela has been married three times with three very different women.
With the first two women , Mandela had six children (two boys and four girls ) of which still survive three . It also has 18 grandchildren and 12 great-grandchildren.
The third wife of Mandela , which accompanied him until his death , is called Graça Machel. -
ANC Youth
She founded with Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu ANC Youths , in order to convert the old African Congress in a mass movement aimed at the liberation of black people. -
First shipment of black lawyers
He opened the first shipment of black lawyers in Johannesburg and endorsed the strategy of peaceful resistance of the Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi against the increasingly oppressive apartheid laws , introduced in 1948 . -
The fight
During a meeting with the other defendants meeting the other defendants in the treason trial
More and more significance as one of the leaders against the racist regime , Nelson Mandela was arrested numerous times until his arrest in 1956 along with 156 other activists accused of high treason . That same year an event radically changed the strategy of struggle Mandela apartheid police opened fire on a demonstration by workers in Sharpeville , killing 69 people and wounding 180 . -
Armed wing of the ANC
The " Black Pimpernel " as it was then named for his ability to elude police , founded the armed wing of the ANC, and traveled through Africa in search of funding and military training. On his return to South Africa, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to five years for leaving the country illegally and inciting the strike. Soon after, in 1963 , police dismantled the ANC headquarters in Rivonia farm , just outside Johannesburg , and had to court the ANC leadership , accused of terrorist activiti -
Mandela release
The massacre of students of Soweto in 1976, and the subsequent repression in which nearly 600 people died, the world's eyes turned toward apartheid, an anachronistic regime that had lasted too. Mandela stood toe to one of the largest social movements in favor of human rights and succeeded in attracting the international gaze to apartheid South Africa, the apartheid regime imposed by the white minority in the country, still in the late eighties refused All rights to blacks, mestizos and Indians -
Nobel Peace Prize / Statesman
His countrymen not forget his words, after his release on February 11, 1990, they restored hope to a society bloodied by ethnic strife in the ghettos and violence opposed to regime change paramilitary groups. "I greet you all in the name of peace, democracy and universal justice," said Mandela, before thousands of people, from the balcony of the City of Cape Town. Those were the guidelines that made possible one of the most peaceful transitions in Africa and that marked his work of reconciliati -
Retirement
The president , who was under medical supervision since 2011 , retired from public life in 2004 with a warning to anyone who would invite some act , " Do not call me , and call me." He remained , however , in public life through his Foundation (now the Centre of Memory Nelson Mandela ), the Children's Fund , the Fund for the Fight against AIDS and a host of charitable causes . In 2009 , the UN made on July 18 , his birthday , the Mandela Day , a global event that encourages follow suit and sp