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1970s saw the development of the Discovery Learning Theory
It supported that knowledge is discovered through active participation in the learning process -
Kay developed the concept of the Dynabook
Dynabook was the first handheld multimedia computer intended as a learning device -
Prototype desktop computers were created
The “Interim Dynabook” and the programming language called SmallTalk. SmallTalk was responsible for GUI (Graphical User Interface) which is responsible for allowing us to click on an icon rather than type in a command -
1980s decade saw the rise of the Constructivist and Constructionist learning theory
Constructivist learning theory supports that knowledge develops through interaction with the environment. Constructionist learning theory supports that knowledge is gained through actively creating social objects The 1980s also saw the huge technological innovations which proved to be key to the development of the relationship between m-learning and technology -
TRS-80 Pocket Computer
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PHC-8000 Handheld Computer
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Pasopia Mini
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Motorolla DynaTAC 8000X commercial version was sold
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PB-700 Handheld Computer
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Late 1980s Classroom Response Systems (CRS) were developed
They connected technology with the learner centre approach -
Portfolio Portable Computer
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Poqet PC Computer
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1990s saw the development of Problem-based learning as well as Socio-constructionist learning
Problem-based learning supports that knowledge is developed through working on tasks and skills authentic to the environment in which those particular skills would be used Socio-constructionist learning supports that knowledge is co-constructed interdependently between the social and the individual -
The 1990s decade saw the development of the first digital camera, Web browser and Graphing Calculator
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Technological developments in the 1990s
Schools used Computer Assisted Instructional Programmes Palm Pilot Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) were being utilized in an educational setting -
Sharples attempts to redesign the Dynabook
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HandLeR
Handheld Learning Resource studies the design of mobile devices in an attempt to create an instrument to aid “Lifelong Learning” based on the tenets of experiential and collaborative learning -
Late 1990s Classroom Response Systems (CRS) become widespread
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1990s and 2000s the WWW played a significant role in providing content which could be used in MALL
Those developing the content for the WWW utilized social theories of learning offering social-networking sites and Learning Management Systems (LMSs) that were established and implemented in schools and universities across the Western world. LMS developed to mediate web-based learning artifacts and communication between students and teachers -
Informal learning / Contextual learning / Ambient learning
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Microsoft PCs
Tablets or laptops with rotating screens and touchscreen capabilities become commercially available -
Wibrain B1
Wibrain B1 are introduced as smaller lighter alternatives to a laptop -
2010 onwards sees huge developments in technological innovations as well as Internet connectivity
New mobile devices with incredible capabilities are developed and at a rate which makes it hard for users to keep up with the changes -
2010 iPad
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The future of M-Learning
Augmented Reality 3d worlds Virtual Environment. Virtual Reality Learning Mobile Game-Based Learning Our lack of creativity is the only obstacle. If we combine creativity and technology the future of M-Learning is limitless
