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Period: 500 to Dec 31, 1500
Middle Ages (01/01/500-12/31/1500)
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659
Dental Amalgams
One of the most important contributions to medicine from medieval China was to creation of amalgams for dental procedures. A text from the year 659 details the first use of a substance for tooth fillings, which was made up of silver and tin.
http://www.medievalists.net/2015/11/top-10-medical-advances-from-the-middle-ages/ -
754
Pharmacies
The first pharmacy was established in Baghdad in the year 754. The pharmacist prepares compounded medications as prescribed and ordered by the prescribing physician. -
1037
Avicenna
He composed the Kitāb al-shifāʾ (Book of the Cure), a vast philosophical and scientific encyclopaedia, and Al-Qānūn fī al-ṭibb (The Canon of Medicine), which is among the most famous books in the history of medicine. (980 AD - 1037)
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Avicenna -
1305
Eyeglasses
Not sure who invented eyeglasses, but they were made in 1305 to correct vision.. The first pair were not seen worn until 1352 -
1500
C-Sections
While cesarean sections were practiced throughout the Middle Ages, this was done because the mother had died or had no chance of survival – and in some cases where the child was also already dead. But around the year 1500 we have the first written record of having both a mother and baby surviving a cesarean section.
http://www.medievalists.net/2015/11/top-10-medical-advances-from-the-middle-ages/ -
Period: Jan 1, 1501 to
Renaissance
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1507
Human anatomy
the study of the structure of an object, in this case the human body. Human anatomy deals with the way the parts of humans, from molecules to bones, interact to form a functional unit. The study of anatomy is distinct from the study of physiology, although the two are often paired. -
1514
Andreas Vesalius
Andreas Vesalius (31 December 1514 – 15 October 1564) was a 16th-century Flemish/Netherlandish anatomist, physician, and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy, De humani corporis fabrica (On the Fabric of the Human Body). Vesalius is often referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy. -
1519
Leonardo Da Vinci
an Italian Renaissance polymath whose areas of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany, writing, history, and cartography -
Invention of the microscope
Zacharius Jannssen invents the microscope -
Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers blood cells
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek is widely credited as the discoverer of red blood cells. In truth, he was not the first person to observe "red particles" in blood but his observations were more detailed and numerous than those (by Malpighi and Swammerdam) that preceded him -
Medical Renaissance
the period of progress in European medical knowlage -
Giacomo Pylarini
gave the first smallpox inoculations -
Claudius Amyand
performed the first successful appendectomy -
Edward Jenner
Developed a smallpox vaccination method -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
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Vaccination
Edward Jenner develops the process of vaccination for smallpox, the first vaccine for any disease -
Humphry Davy
Discovered the anestethic properties of nitrous oxide -
Invention of the stethoscope by Rene Laennec
It consisted of a wooden tube and was monaural. Laennec invented the stethoscope because he was uncomfortable placing his ear on women's chests to hear heart sounds. -
first painless surgery with painless anesthetic
A dentist named William T. G. Morton was the first in the world to publicly demonstrate the use of ether anesthesia for surgery. Morton performed a painless surgery removing a tumor from a man's neck. -
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovers medical use of X-rays in medical imaging
Medical Imaging began with radiography after the discovery of x-rays by Wilhelm Röntgen, a German professor of physics. X-rays were put to diagnostic use very early, before the dangers of ionizing radiation were discovered. -
first case of Alzheimer disease
Alzheimer's disease is named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer. In 1906, Dr. Alzheimer noticed changes in the brain tissue of a woman who had died of an unusual mental illness. Her symptoms included memory loss, language problems, and unpredictable behavior. -
Period: to
Modern World
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Paul Ehrlich develops a chemotherapeutic cure for sleeping sickness
the sleeping sickness is a tropical disease caused by a parasitic protozoan (trypanosome) that is transmitted by the bite of the tsetse fly. It causes fever, chills, pain in the limbs, and anemia, and eventually affects the nervous system causing extreme lethargy and death. -
discovery of vitamin D and the risks without it by Edward Mellanby
Edward Mellanby discovered vitamin D and shows that its absence causes rickets -
insulin used to treat diabetes
insulin was first used in the treatment of diabetes. Insulin was discovered by Sir Frederick G Banting, Charles H Best and JJR Macleod at the University of Toronto in 1921 and it was subsequently purified by James B Collip. -
Charles Drew
He was an American physician, surgeon, and medical researcher. He researched in the field of blood transfusions, developing improved techniques for blood storage, and applied his expert knowledge to developing large-scale blood banks early in World War II. -
AZT was used to combat aids
an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. It is generally recommended for use with other antiretrovirals. It may be used to prevent mother-to-child spread during birth or after a needlestick injury or other potential exposure. -
Period: to
21st Century
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Steve Thomas
used sterile maggots for infectios wound treatment -
first vaccine to target a cause of cancer
The first HPV vaccine was approved in 2006. HPV is the abbreviation for Human Papilloma Virus. HPV vaccines may prevent infection by certain types of humans papillomavirus which are associated with the development of cervical cancer, genital warts, and other cancers. -
first FDA approved artificial heart placed
AbioCor was a total artificial heart (TAH) developed by the Massachusetts-based company AbioMed. It was fully implantable within a patient, due to a combination of advances in miniaturization, biosensors, plastics and energy transfer. -
first human liver grown from stem cells in Japan
Scientists in Japan said they had grown human liver tissue from stem cells in a first that holds promise for alleviating the critical shortage of donor organs.
Creating lab-grown tissue to replenish organs damaged by accident or disease is a Holy Grail for the pioneering field of research into the premature cells known as stem cells. -
Great Ebola Outbreak
First cases and deaths in Europe and America
