-
United States Declaration of Independence
Tired of not having opinion on America's decisions and the bad threat of U.K, 13 colonies agreed to aprove the Independence. -
French Revolution
Due to the big crysis that were happening on French and the bad acctitude of the kings, french decided to make a revolution and they achieve the consulate of French -
Napoleon Empire
Napoleon and his army take the control of France due to the discontent with liberal results. His empire was able to conquer almost entire Spain and a big part of east Europe -
Spanish Independence War
This war was caused by the invasion of Napoleon and it deal the Napoleon supporters against the independence spanish. Succesfully on 1814 Jose I Bonaparte was exiliated of Spain and Fernando VII continued his reign -
Period: to
Fernando VII
His reign was initally overshadowed by the invasion of Napoleon and the proclomation of one of his brothers, José I Bonaparte. On 1814 he come back to his throne and brought back absolutism, he is seen as one of the maximal exponents of absolutism on spanish history. During his reign, Spain pass trought the absolutist sexxenium on wich he get to restore absolutism, liberal triennium on which liberal ideas take control of Spain and the Ominous Decade on wich the military force scare liberals. -
Period: to
Spanish American Independence Wars
It was triggered by the peninsular invasion of Napoleon army, and during Fernando VII reign. Spanish American colonies won and achieve the independence on different years, until 1833, when Fernando gave up fighting them -
Constitution of Cadiz
Its ideas were very liberal, approving highlighted things as separation of powers, national sovereignity, freedom of comunication, and measures to achieve free market economy. -
Congress of Vienna
Taking advantage of the defeat of Napoleon, European powers made this congress as a try to restorage Ancien Regime -
Riego's Revolution
The lieutenant Rafael del Riego made a pronouncement of liberal ideas. This led to a constitutional monarchy on Spain. This ideas were spread to Portugal, Italy and Greece. It help to the Greek Independence -
The Liberal Triennium
It basically introduced liberal policies very reformist, overall against the church. This triggered movements against liberalism -
Monroe Doctrine
This doctrine said that America is for Americans. This practically meant that european invasions on this continent will be seen as attacks to united states and it will required its intervention. This prevent exponential colonialism on America since this law was approved -
July Revolution
After very conservative measures took by Charles X, this second revolution started and they proclamed Louise-Philippe d’Orléans as the new king -
Period: to
Isabel II
In her reign he introduced liberal measures in order to achieve a constitutional monarchy, He aprove first a progresive constitution that accept public sovereignity, and then she aprove another that make Las Cortes and she herself the ones who the sovereignity. The manipulation of the elections led to the glorius revolution -
The Opium Wars
With the abuse of the developing market of Asia on mind, UK start to contraband opium (drug) over China with a very high price in order to cheat chineese buyers. China efforts against the contraband led to a war that finished with a win for UK and its respective right to have Hong Kong for 150 years and privileged prices to European buyers from China producers -
Revolutionary Waves
A workers movement caused by the congress of Vienna (1812), led to the third french revolution. This revolution achieve the second french republic. This ideas also spread throught Europe but without result. On july Napoleon Bonaparte took the power as a conservative president -
American Civil War
This war born because of controversy with slavery laws. The confederate states (south) wanted to expand slavery and united states (north) wanted to cut it. United states won this war -
Meiji Restoration
Due to the pressure of USA to evolve on technology, politics,...for open space on a new market, two important families of Japan alliance to restorage the power of the emperor. This led to big changes of Japan system and helped until nowadays because of the incredible advance that supposed. -
Italian Unification
The nation of Italy showed that they wanted to bind Italia's individual states. The revolutions were succesful and they get to anex big cities as Naples, Venice, Sicily or Lombardy. With the anexion of Rome they declared an unificated Italy -
Bismarckian Alliances
After German win against French's Napoleon empire, they decided to form a group of alliances to sabotage France. It basically consist of impress revolutionary ideas across France to force a republic. The inhibe France from taking alliance with other countries and make a technology disadvantage on France. This Alliance start with Russia and Austria, then Italy was added and finally to control Russia UK was also introduced. -
German Unification
Germany was splitted onto different states, of which is highlighted Prussia and Austria due to their economy and culture. The defeat of Austria and with the objective of stopping liberal ideas, this states join and unificated Germany -
First Spansish Republic
Proclamated by Las Cortes after Amadeo de Saboya, son of Italian Unificator, abdicated -
Period: to
Alfonso XII reign
He was exhiliated almost when he born because of glorious revolution. After the restoration, he ruled on Spain on a period of discontent because of the small amount of representation the population feel they had. -
The Bourbon Restoration
Due to the pronouncement of the general of the general Arsenio Martinez Campos Democratic Sexenium era ended and it led to the proclamation of Alfonso XII as the monarch of a liberal Spain. -
Boer Wars
When brithish army went to Sudafrica, a group of indigenous lead by king zulú Shaka (leader that help zulues, a minor tribe, one of the most important of Africa), oppose to UK army and they actually put on trouble that military. Ovbiosly because of the superior of UK they loose but it was a important movement on Africa's revolution history -
Berlin Conference
As result of France and United Kindgom desires in order to explore and open a free market on the inside zone of Africa. It led to the division of the territory of Africa divided between the main powers of Europe. -
Fashoda Incident
This incident was related to comunication medias on Africa. France wanted to make vias from west to east and UK from north to south. A france expedition that were going from the coast of Atlantic Ocean face with britain expeditioners who were walking from Egypto to Sudafrica following Nilo's river. They discuss whoever country was allowed to own the river. This didn't achieve army conflict but lead to the distribution of Africa.
The photo is from a propagandistic paper of the comunication paths -
Period: to
Alfonso XIII kingdom
He become king when he born due to the premature dead of his father (Alfonso XII), but he didn't reign until 16. He is not seen as a good king due to a main problem that kill liberal monarchie on spain, the lack of representance of popular classes. Primo de Rivera become a dictator with the support of Alfonso. This went on a bad way and he tried to restorage the power of the monarch, but he didn't had the trust of the politician groups due to his support to Rivera, so he didn't succeed. -
Maroccan Crises
Germany was scared of the uprising powers and their unions of UK, France and Japan that were reparting China and Germany wanted to be on this repart. The condition of the triple alliance (astrohungar, italy and germany) was weakened because of astrohungarian crysis and Italy's confussion beetwen Roma and Vienna. After France movements to take control of Morocco, German incentivate revolution and this led to tension and a crysis between German and morocco against France, Spain and UK. -
Balkans Wars
There were two wars. The first was caused when the ottoman empire tried to conquer the balkans, and they fight against the balkan's league formed by Greece, Serbia, Montenegro and Bulgary. Due to the confussion on the repart of the lost territories, this league started an internal war. -
Begin of First World War
This war was coming from a lot of time ago, since imperialism conflicts. It finally begin with the assasination of Francisco Fernando de Austria. It confront the Triple Alliance formed of German, Austro-Hungarian empire and then Italy against the Triple Entente. It finished with the versailles agreement that basically harm German.
One of the war's main characteristics were the trench battles. -
October Revolution
This was the second revolution of Russia and it led to a socialist gobernment. Its main trigger was the same as on february; the provisional state idea was to stood fighting on the war. This revolution was not approved by all countries, so Russia started a civil war that finally led to the creation of the Soviet union -
February Revolution
This revolution was the first of Russian revolutions. It led to the fall of monarchy and established a provisional gobernment. It was caused principally because of Russia joining to world war. -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Under this treat, Rusia gave Ukraine, Poland, Belarus, its Baltic provinces (now Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia), and its Caucasus provinces of Kars and Batum to independence and the explotation of the Triple Alliance. On that moment, that territories formed a 34% of Russian empire population.
Image: On red austo-hungarian empire new territories, in blue German's new territories and in green ottoman empire new territories -
Treaty of Versailles
After months of negotiations, it finally ended the war. In this treaty, German and his allies accept that all of war guilt was their. This is traduced on military force and territories losts. -
Period: to
League of Nations
It was created when the first world war ended. Its main objective was to hold the world peace, and it was formed by a lot of countries. -
Bloody Sunday
A Dublin's institution ordered to kill a gang of britains intelligence patrol. They killed 11 of the 18 integrants. In a gaelic football match on Dublin, a member of the britain intelligence discovered that on that match, a coin will decide if doing the massacre on Croke Park or in the street Sackville. Suddenly, a plain overflew the stadium with fire spreading. A revolver shoot and machines guns started shooting. The massacre was in the medium of the stadium, on wich 10.000 people were. -
Primo de Rivera dictatorship
Started with the strike of Primo de Rivera. On 1930 was considered "Dictablanda" due to its weakness. It was a nationalist regime, even considered fascist -
Period: to
Spanish Second Republic
It started after the Dictablanda and it establish a democratic republic. It is divided in three phases:The first biennium on wich the state was led by socialist ideas. The second biennium on wich the right side won on the 1933 elections and rewind all reforms did by the socialist goverment and introduced right policies supported with the catholic federation of CEDA.On this period, occurred the 1934 Asturias strike. The third phase was a left-winged called Frente Popular that last until Civil war -
1931 Constitution
Approved by the Cortes, refer to Spain as a democratic republic of workers and it was formed by 125 articles spreaded on 9 titles -
Asturias miner's strike
With the support of parties as PSOE and UGT, Asturias work began a revolution against CEDA's supported right government to establish a socialist and more left focused government. It failed but had important consequences not only on Spain, but on Europe -
Spanish Civil War
This was attempt of the part of the nationalist of change the republican government. Started in Africa's spain territories and with the help of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy it ended on a victory for the nationalist side and the establishment of the dictatorship led by Francisco Franco -
Period: to
Franco's Dictatorship
Starts at the end of the war, with the win of nationalist side and ends with the death of Franco because of age, but it is not until 1978 when it is established a new government. During this regime, nationalist, totalitarian and fascist laws were aproved -
Cold War
It started two years after the second world war and its called like that because of the fear of both parts of an atomic bombs war and in difference with other wars, on this there were not as most as others armed conflicst and it was a thoughts and technologie war. It ended on 1991 when the sovietic union was disolved -
Chinese Communist Revolution
-
Korean War
It was fought beetwen north and south korea, and it led to the separation of this two countries and nationalization of Korea in order to separate itself from the Japanese colonialism. South korea helped by USA and north Korea by USSR -
Bandung Conference
This was the first formal Asian-African Afro-Asian conference, that has aim to improve economic and progress of colonial countries in order to descolonizate countries invaded by imperialism