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Scientific Revolution
Took place in Europe. Important characters:
Nicolaus Copernicus: He wrote the book called On the revolution of Celestial spheres. Mark the beginning of the scientific revolution. Tycho Brahe: He found 750 stars and charted their positions. Johannes Kepler: He found that the planets actually orbited in an electrical or oval shape, he proved Copernicus was right.
Issues: The deep-rooted religion. Men were no longer content to rely on ancient authority for the truth. Lack of clarity in the world -
The french revolution
Was a period of ideological, political and social upheaval in the political history of France. Took place in France.
Important characters: Louis XVI: last King of France before the French Revolution. Marie Antoniette: helped provoke the popular unrest that led to the French Revolution. Napoleon: Lead the Revolution.
Issues: Louis XVI implement new taxations. Food scarcity. France's debt. -
American Revolution
Took place in United States. They won independence from Great Britain.
Characters: Thomas Jefferson: He used the powerful words to fight for independence. George Washington: served as Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army. Benjamin Franklin: negotiated the 1783 treaty of Paris ending war.
Issues: Difficulty managing weapons. No uniform for the colonists. Freedom was threatened. -
Napoleonic Empire$
Took place in Europe. Empire led by Napoleon III.
Characters:
Napoloeon Bonaparte: invaded Russia.
Agustin Robespier: influence as a political commissar of the Army of Italy. Jacobin: evoked contempt and fear in post- Revolutionary France.
Issues: Europe got an alliance and beat him. Napoleon was exiled, but escaped. Napoleon lost the fight against Britain. -
Enlightenment
Movement that instigated revolutionary developments in art, philosophy, and politics. It took place in Europe.
Characters: Francis Bacon: developed the inductive method of scientific investigation. John Comenius: challenged the necessity of war. Rene Descartes: scientist who revolutionized algebra.
Issues: Experiencing Empiricism: The people drive government.
The monarch rules. Rising to revolution. -
References
(N,A),(2017).SparkNotes: The Enlightenment. Retrieved August 15, 2017, from http://www.sparknotes.com/history/european/enlightenment/terms.html
(N,A),(2017).Encyclopedia Britannica: The Enlightenment. Retrieved August 15, 2017, from http://www.sparknotes.com/history/european/enlightenment/terms.html
History.com Staff. (2009). Napoleon Bonaparte. Retrieved August 15, 2017, from http://www.history.com/topics/napoleon -
References
(N,A),(N/D). Library:Paris 19 century. Retrieved August 15, 2017, from http://library.brown.edu/cds/paris/chronology2.html Shmoop Editorial Team. (2008). Thomas Jefferson in The American Revolution. Retrieved August 15, 2017, from https://www.shmoop.com/american-revolution/thomas-jefferson.html (N/A), (2017). Biography: Benjamin Franklin. Retrieved August 15, 2017, from https://www.biography.com/people/benjamin-franklin-9301234 -
References
(N/A),(N/D). Mail wap: Topics on The American Revolution. Retrieved August 15, 2017, from https://mail.wap.org/lcharters/lykara/project/default.html
