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Period: to
American Revolution
France’s part in funding the American Revolution led them to near bankruptcy. The economic issues caused even more unrest among people along with food shortages.
http://www.britannica.com/event/French-Revolution
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Meeting of the Estates General
The Estates General was made up of the First Estate (the clergy), the Second Estate (the nobility), and the Third Estate (the citizens). This was the first time they met since 1614. http://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/National-Assembly-French-Revolution.pdf
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Estates
general.jpg
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Tennis Court Oath
At the meeting of the Estate-General the Third Estate said that they would make a constitution for the National Assembly. Three days later they came back to find the doors locked. They moved to an indoor Tennis Court and made an oath to create a constitution.
http://www.britannica.com/event/Tennis-Court-Oath
http://www.mrallsophistory.com/revision/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/06-20a.jpg
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Storming of the Bastille
This prison at the center of Paris was a symbol of royal authority. The French peasants stormed Bastille in attempt to make a point that they would not tolerate a corrupt government. Three prisoners were released in the storming, and the peasants stole weapons and gunpowder from the prison.
http://bastille-day.com/history/storming-of-the-bastille-july-14-1789
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4
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The Great Fear
This was a period of peasants revolting. This was because of the king and the First Estate trying to overthrow the Third Estate. This eventually lead to the storming of the Bastille.
http://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Fear
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Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
This charter was issued by the National Assembly of France, and was based on the ideas of Enlightenment thinkers. It discusses equality between all citizens, and the citizens right to liberty, private property, and protection. The principles in this Declaration inspired the French Revolution. http://www.britannica.com/topic/Declaration-of-the-Rights-of-Man-and-of-the-Citizen
http://f.edgesuite.net/data/www.humanrights.org/files/declaration_of_rights_0.jpg
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The March on Versailles
A large number of protesters, mostly women, went from Paris to Versailles to demand bread, as most people in France were hungry and unemployed. They thought that the nobility and royals were oblivious to their troubles. The march convinced the king to go to Paris.
http://www.historywiz.com/womensmarch.htm
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Women's_March_on_Versailles01.jpg
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Issue of Civil Constitution of the Clergy
This document by the National Assembly put the Church under the control of the State. Because the most of France was Catholic, this matter was very controversial, and many people withdrew their support of the new government. Clergymen has take take an oath to the new Constitution, refused, and were arrested.
http://alphahistory.com/frenchrevolution/civil-constitution-of-the-clergy/
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The Flight to Varennes
The family of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette attempted to escape to Paris. This made the dislike of the royal family even more pronounced than it was previously.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_to_Varennes
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Issue of the Declaration of Pillnitz
Leopold of Austria and King Frederick William of Prussia met to discuss how the French Revolution was taking over the royal family. They issued the Declaration of Pillnitz in attempt to support the French monarchy and not start a war, but instead had the opposite effect. http://www.emersonkent.com/historic_documents/declaration_of_pillnitz_1791.htm
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Pillnitz
er_Deklaration.jpg
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France Declares War on Austria
The French thought that war would unify their country. They also believed that other countries could easily defeat them and they wanted to spread their ideas of revolution. They then declared war on Austria.
https://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255/kat_anna/war.html
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Period: to
Trial of Louis XVI
Louis XVI was seen as an enemy of the French Revolution when he encouraged the Prussians in their fight with the Austrians against the French. He was arrested as an enemy of France. After his arrest, the National Assembly declared that France was a republic. Louis XVI was sentenced to death by the Guillotine. http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/louis/louisxvilinks.html
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/louis/louisxvi.gi -
Adoption of the French Republican Calender
Because the Gregorian calendar is based on religion, France changed their measurements of time in which there were ten hours in a day and one-hundred minutes in an hour. http://www.britannica.com/science/French-republican-calendar
http://www.art-prints-on-demand.com/kunst/french_school/republican_calendar.jpg
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Period: to
Reign of Terror
This was a time period that took place shortly after the death of Louis XVI. Violence was a daily occurrence in France at this time, and the Guillotine killed about 30,000 people over this time span. This Reign took place in order for the revolutionaries to fight aristocrats, but they were actually killing many ordinary people. http://www.historywiz.com/terror.htm
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Fall of Robespierre
After ordering the death of his two friends, Robespierre was seen as a tyrant. People fought together to sentence him to death. He and his followers were guillotined and this ended the Terror.
https://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255/kat_anna/fallr.html
https://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255/kat_anna/fallrob.jpg
