-
Jim Crow Laws
As a result of Rice's fame, "Jim Crow" by 1838 had become a pejorative expression meaning "Negro". When southern legislatures passed laws of racial segregation directed against blacks at the end of the 19th century. these statutes became known as Jim Crow laws. -
Sharecropping
Sharecropping is someone who would farm on land that belonged to the landowner. The sharecropping family would plant, weed, and harvest the land. They would only keep a small share of the crop, while the landowner would get the rest. -
Black Codes
the Black Codes were laws passed by Democrat-controlled Southern states in 1865 and 1866. These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom. And also compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt. -
13th amendment
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. Abolishing slavery lead up to that. -
14th amendment
Equal protections of the law. Can't deny somebody of life liberty or pursuit without due process of law. -
15th amendment
Granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. -
Plessy vs Ferguson
May 18 1896 was the official court date. This Court case upheld the constitutionality of segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine. It came from an 1892 incident in which African-American train passenger Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow car, breaking a Louisiana law. -
19th amendment
Granted American women the right to vote a right known as woman suffrage. At the time the U.S. was founded, its female citizens did not share all of the same rights as men, including the right to vote. The only reason this was allowed was because of the woman rights movement. -
Civil Disobedience
Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power. Under the leadership of Gandhiji, the Civil Disobedience Movement was launched in AD 1930. It began with the Dandi March. -
20th amendment
Is a simple amendment that sets the dates at which federal United States government elected offices end. In also defines who succeeds the president if the president dies. -
federal housing authority
Is a United States government agency created in part by the National Housing Act of 1934. It sets standards for construction and underwriting and insures loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building. The goals of this organization are to improve housing standards and conditions, provide an adequate home financing system through insurance of mortgage loans, and to stabilize the mortgage market. -
affirmative action
Is a set of laws, policies, and guidelines, "intended to end and correct the effects of a specific form of discrimination." These include government-sanctioned, and voluntary private programs that tend to focus on access to education and employment, specifically granting special consideration to racial minorities and women. -
Desegregation
Truman Desegregates Armed Forces.it was in 1948. It was when the president said black and white soldiers had to work together. -
Brown vs Board
May 17 1954 was the date of the brown vs board of education. This act ended legal segregation in public schools. It violated the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment. -
Thurgood Marshall
1954 was the most important date of his life. In 1954 he won the court case that made segregation of white and blacks illegal. He was the main lawyer during that case. -
Montgomery bus boycott
The montgomery bus boycott took place in 1955-1956. The aftereffects was that there was free seating and you did not have to give up your seat. The leader was a lady named rosa parks. -
Lynching
When someone gets hanged with or without a legal trial. This was used as torture mostly towards black people. A popular lynching would be Emmit till. -
Rosa Parks
December 1 1955 was the day rosa parks did not give up her bus seat. It happened on a Montgomery bus. After she was arrested and fined people started to protest and it became apart of the boycott. -
Nonviolent Protest
The nonviolent protest is to get your point across without violence and starting trouble. Such as in 1955 rosa parks did a non violent protest by not giving up her seat on the bus. She was not violent but she got her point across that everyone can have equal seating. -
civil rights act of 1957
Primarily a voting rights bill. It was the first federal civil rights legislation passed by the United States Congress, since the Civil Rights Act of 1875. -
Orville Faubus
Faubus name became internationally known during the Little Rock Crisis of 1957, when he used the Arkansas National Guard to stop African Americans from attending Little Rock Central High School as part of federally ordered racial desegregation -
Sit ins
The sit ins era was the 1960s. They helped energize the civil rights movement. Although a passive technique in nature, sit-ins caused real change to occur. -
Lester Maddox
Lester Maddox A populist Democrat, Maddox came to prominence as a staunch segregationist, when he refused to serve black customers in his Atlanta restaurant, in defiance of the Civil Rights Act. He later served as Lieutenant Governor during the time that Jimmy Carter was Governor in 1960 -
Cesar Chavez
A prominent union leader and labor organizer. Hardened by his early experience as a migrant worker, Chavez founded the National Farm Workers Association in 1962. -
betty friedan
Betty was an American writer, activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the women's movement in the United States. Her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique is often known as sparking the second wave of American feminism in the 20th century. -
Martin Luther King jr
August 28, 1963 was his important i have a dream speech. it is a public speech delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. which he calls for an end to racism in the United States and called for civil and economic rights. -
civil rights act of 1964
Was a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -
24th amendment
24 amendment of the United States Constitution prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax. -
veteran rights act of 1965
The act removed barriers to blacks in the South, banning poll taxes, literacy tests, and other measures that effectively prevented African Americans from voting. -
Head Start
Is a program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and their families. -
Upward bound
The program provides opportunities for participants to succeed in their precollege performance and ultimately in their higher education pursuits. Targets high school students from low-income families and high school students from families in which neither parent holds a bachelor's degree. -
George Wallace
Former Governor of Alabama George Wallace ran in the 1968 United States presidential election as the candidate for the American Independent Party. Wallace's pro-segregation policies during his term as Governor of Alabama were rejected by the mainstream of the Democratic Party. -
26th amendment
Old enough to fight old enough to vote. This amendment says that basically all the older people were only allowed to vote an the younger people wanted to vote too. -
title IX
The Education Amendments Act of 1972 is a federal law that states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." -
Hector P Garcia
He was an advocate for Hispanic-American rights during the Chicano movement. He was the first Mexican-American member of the U.S. Civil Rights Commission. He was awarded the Medal of Freedom.
