-
1438
Hapsburgs begin rule of Holy Roman Empire
-
1440
Gutenberg’s printing press (Germany)
-
1455
The Wars of the Roses begins (England)
-
1479
Aragon and Castile kingdoms united (Spain)
-
1480
Spanish Inquisition established
-
1485
The Wars of the Roses ends (England)
-
1485
Tudor rule begins (England)
-
1488
Dias sets sail to Cape of Good Hope for Portugal
-
1492
Moorish dominion in Spain ends Columbus claims New World for Spain
-
1497
da Gama from Portugal begins sail to India
-
1498
da Gama from Portugal arrives at India
-
1499
Swiss independence from Holy Roman Empire
-
1500
Cabral discovers Brazil for Portugal
-
1513
Balboa claims regions of the Pacific for Spain
-
1515
Switzerland adopts policy of neutrality
-
1516
Charles I begins rule (Spain)
-
1517
Protestant Reformation begins (Germany)
-
1519
Magellan begins expedition to circumnavigate the globe for Spain
-
1521
Cortés captures the city of Mexico
-
1524
Peasants’ Revolt begins (Germany)
-
1525
Peasants’ Revolt ends (Germany)
-
Tudor rule ends (England)