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Legal Milestones
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Brown v. Board of Education
This was the case in which it was decided that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional since it violated the Fourteenth Amendment. -
Engel v. Vitale
It was decided that schools cannot have an official school prayer, this is in protection to the First Amendment which protects religious liberty. -
Mills v. Board of Education
This case ruled that schools could not exclude students with diabilites and that they will provide a free accessible education regardless of any disability. -
PARC v. Pennsylvania
This legal case lead to a very large and significant change for equal rights for students with disabilities. This ensured that education cannot be denied to any student. -
Section 504
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is the education part of that states that any place that is federally funded can't discriminate because of a disability. This was a strong base for the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) -
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IDEA and its re-authorizations
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Public Law 94-142: The Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This law was the one that assured that every child with a disability would have free and a proper educational setting in LRE. This also required that the parents of students with disabilities would be able to dispute if they felt any decision made about their children's education seemed unfair. -
IDEA
Originally known as Education of Handicapped Children Act. This is to make sure that students with disabilities have the same opportunities as all other students. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
First Civil Law that does allow there to be any discrimination against individuals with disabilities in any setting; educational, work, public areas. Requires there to be proper accommodations as well. -
No Child Left Behind Act
This was a reauthorization for the Elementary and Secondary education Act (1965). Students have to be tested in math and in reading grades 3-8 and in high school. The major focus was to have all students in the same level and close any gaps in educations. It focuses on four things: Accountability, Flexibility, Research Based Education and Parent Options. -
IDEA 2004
This re-authorizathion included more accountability for the educators. They raised the standards for the teachers in the hopes that they would have a significant increase in educational outcomes. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
This is the most current and is the law that replaced No Child Left Behind Act. This act modified standardized testing, so by law students will still be tested from grades 3-8. This new law also required states to have and to submit their educational goals and their plans on how they plan on achieving these academic goals.
