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November 29, 1947, United Nations Resolution
Wanted to divide British mandate and Palestine into a Jewish and Arab State. -
May 14, 1948 Israel declares its independence
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May 15, 1948 –March 10, 1949 Invasion of Israel
Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Iraq attempt to invade Israel. The invasion failed, but they still refused to recognize Israel’s right to exist. -
Suez War (October 29, 1956-December 1956)
Gamal Abdal Nasser seized control of the Egyptian government, and takes control of the Suez Canal Company which was under British and French control. Great Britain, France, and Israel attack Egypt. The United States and the Soviet Union fight on Egypt’s side and eventually force Britain, France, and Israel out of Egypt. -
May 29, 1964 Palestinian Liberation Organization established
The Palestinian Liberation Organization was established with goals of creating a Palestinian nation. Yasser Arafat became the leader of the organization and launched terror attacks against Israel. By 1967, the PLO’s primary goal is to destroy Israel. -
Six-Day War (June 5, 1967-June 11, 1967)
Israel took control of Egypt’s Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula, the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, and Syria’s Golan Heights. This made Israel four times it’s original size. -
OPEC Oil Crisis (October 1973- March 1974)
Arabian members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries imposed an embargo against the U.S. in retaliation of the U.S. decision to provide Israel aid in the Yom Kippur war. It also extended the embargo to other nations that supported Israel. -
Yom Kippur War (October 6, 1973-October 25, 1973)
Egypt and Syria, with the help of the U.S., attacked Israel with the goal of regaining their land. An UN-negotiated cease-fire was established, but conflict over the territories remained. Israel ended up dependent on the U.S. for military, economic, and diplomatic support. -
September 17, 1978 Camp David Accords
A peace treaty was signed by Egypt and Israel, and the Sinai Peninsula returned to Egypt. -
Iranian Hostage Crisis (November 4, 1979 to January 21, 1981)
A group of Iranian students invaded the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and took more than 6o American hostages, in order to protest Jimmy Carter’s decision to allow Iran’s former Shah to get treated for cancer in the U.S. the hostages were released 444 days later, on January 21st, 1981, hours after President Ronald Reagan delivered the inaugural address. -
Persian Gulf War (August 2, 1990-February 28, 1991)
Saddam Hussein, Iraqi leader, seizes Kuwait. U.S. led international forces in Operation Desert Storm and freed Kuwait. -
September 13, 1993 Oslo Accords
A peace agreement was signed between Israel and the PLO. The PLO recognizes Israel’s right to exist, and Israel recognizes the PLO as a representative of Palestinians. -
October 26, 1994 Jordan and Israel sign peace treaty
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Iraq War/Second Persian Gulf War (March 20, 2003-December 15, 2011):
U.S. assumes Saddam Hussein had chemical/biological weapons of mass destruction, and close ties to al-Qaeda. The U.S. invades Iraq, captures Saddam Hussein, finds no weapons of mass destruction, and establishes a democracy. -
Afghanistan War (October 7, 2001-present)
Osama bin Laden founded al-Qaeda (the “base”) to move Westerners out of nations with high Muslim populations. Soon after the attacks on 9/11, U.S. launched a war against the Taliban in Afghanistan.
