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Roanoke Colony
Sir Walter Raleigh began the Roanoke Colony in August 1585. However, they didn't have enough food and were attacked by Natives, and returned to England. Then, one year later Sir Walter Raleigh sent 100 more colonists to Roanoke under the supervision of John White. However, white left to return back to England for more supplies and was delayed due to the Spanish Armada. When he returned, the colony was deserted.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/roanoke-colony-deserted -
Jamestown
A group of 100 people apart of the Virginia Company began the first permanent English settlement, Jamestown. However, in the first 2 years Jamestown almost ended due to disease, famine and attacks by the Native Americans. Then, in 1610, new people came and brought supplies which caused the colony to flourish. With the means to grow crops, tobacco was growing immensely and became the Virginia's first profitable export.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown -
House of Burgess
The House of Burgess was the first elective governing body. This assembly was created by Governor George Yeardley. Each Virginia settlement elected two delegates to represent them, and the total membership was originally 22. This assembly made laws, granted supplies, and had the right to veto.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/House-of-Burgesses -
Great Migration
The Puritans left England and headed for the New World because of religious persecution and a hostile environment. They sailed to the New World on the Mayflower and settled the Plymouth colony.
http://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/ -
Mayflower/ Plymouth/ Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower usually carried wine and dry goods, however, this time it brought 102 passengers to the New World, where they settled the Plymouth colony. When they reached the New World, they landed in the wrong place and made the Mayflower Compact. It swore allegiance to the English king and promised to create a governing body with elected officials to create fair laws.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/mayflower -
New York
The Dutch settled near the Hudson River, and then two years later expanded to claim the Manhattan Island and called it New Amsterdam. Then in 1664, the English came and took control renaming it New York
https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/new-york -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
The Massachusetts Bay Colony was settled by Puritans. This colony was a charter colony and was supported by King Charles I. John Winthrop was the governor.
http://historyofmassachusetts.org/history-of-the-massachusetts-bay-colony/ -
Maryland
Lord Baltimore received a charter from King Charles I. He was a Catholic and wanted a safe haven for Catholics to live in without fear of persecution. However, he died before it could be finished and his son took over ruining the safe haven.
https://www.thoughtco.com/facts-about-the-maryland-colony-103875 -
Connecticut
Conneticut was founded by Thomas Hooker, who was a Purtian minister. He refused to link voting rights and church membership. In Connecticut the first written constitution in Noth America was created and it was called the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/3f.asp -
Rhode Island
Roger Williams settled Rhode Island in 1636. He was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony because he wanted religious tolerance and for the Native Americans to have land. These beliefs shaped the government of Rhode Island.
https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/rhode-island -
Maryland Toleration Act
Cecil, Lord Baltimore wrote the Tolerant Act in 1649.This granted religious freedom to all Christians living in Maryland. It was the first place in America to have the freedom of religion.
http://www.uscivilliberties.org/legislation-and-legislative-action/4106-maryland-toleration-act-1649.html -
Carolina
King Charles II gave eight supporters land South of Virginia, which became known as Carolina. In the southern part of Carolina, they were growing rice and had plantations causing slaves to come in and do all the work. In the northern part of Carolina, they were growing small tobacco farms and the amount of enslaved people was very little. Due to the huge difference in economies, Carolina split into the North and South Carolina in 1712.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/5c.asp -
Bacon's Rebellion
Historians don't know the exact cause of Bacon's rebellion. The leader was Nathaniel Bacon, who brought together undentured servants, slaves and poor familes to create a miltia to retailate on the attacking Native Americans. The Governor Berkeley was unhappy and created an army to fight the milita, however, the milita then destoryed Jamestown. This rebellion was very important because it was the first colonial rebellion.
https://www.nps.gov/jame/learn/historyculture/bacons-rebellion.htm -
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn, who was given a charter by King Charles II, in 1682. Penn was a Quaker and wanted his colony to have religious freedom calling his colony a "holy experiment" to be safe from persecution. Pennsylvania was a safe haven for Quakers.
https://www.thoughtco.com/key-facts-about-the-pennsylvania-colony-103879 -
Salem Witch Trial
The Salem Witch Trials happened in 1692 in Salem, Massachusetts. A group of young girls accused several local women of witchcraft and claimed to be possessed by the devil. A wave of hysteria swept through the village, causing a special court to be created for the sentencing of witches. Over a couple months 150 people were convicted and killed, however, in September, public opinion turned against the trials.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials -
Great Awakening
The Great Awakening strengthened religion in the 13 colonies because at this time all of the colonies had a different religion causing them to be seperate from one another. Christian leaders traveled throughout the colonies preaching about gospel and salvation from sins. This caused a stronger, wide-spread dedication towards religion.
https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening -
Albany Plan
Benjamin Franklin proposed the Albany Plan of Union in 1754 to the Albany Congress. This plan wanted to form pernament federation of colonies and to address shared colonial interests. The Congress put together a final version of the plan on July 10, 1754, however, it was rejected by King Charles II and the individual colonial governements.
https://www.americanhistorycentral.com/entries/albany-plan-of-union/ -
French-Indian War
The French-Indian War was also known as the Seven Years War because it lasted from 1756 to 1763. This war included Austria, England, France, Great Britian, Prussia, and Sweden. The English and French were fighting over in North America, the Carribean, and India. The outcome, even though it was won by the English, was not good. The debt that had accumalted over this war was enormous and almost caused the English government to be destroyed.
http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/related/frin.html -
Proclamation of 1763
After the end of the French and Indian War, the British set a proclamation, which would not allow colonies to expand any further westward. Then, King George III said all land west of the Appalachian Divide was off limits. These rules severly impacted the 13 colonies because they could not make any land agreements with natives. Trading was also impacted because only certain people were allowed in the Indian areas.
https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of -
Salutary Neglect
The Salutary Neglect was a British policy to relax the strict regulations, specifically trade laws, put on the American colonies. This policy was started by prime minister Robert Walpole hoping that this policy would help the British focus on politics and world power instead of colonial trade. The Salutary Neglect was unoffical and unnamed until March 22, 1775. This policy allowed the colonies to trade with other countries.
https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Salutary_Neglect
