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Yalta Conference
Was meant to re-establish war torn nations in Europe and to redistribute the land that Germany annexed. The US, UK and Soviet Union were represented by their leaders Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Stalin in Livadia, Yusupov, Vorontsov Palaces in Crimea -
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Potsdam Conference
Held at Cecilienhof which is the home of Prince Wilhelm. The UK, USSR, and USA represented by WInston Churchill, Stalin, Clement Attlee, and Harry S. Truman discussed where territory was going to after the Yalta conference asked nations where they would like to go. -
Bombing of Nagasaki
Three days after the Hiroshima bombing another B-29 bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, killing an estimated 40,000 people. Japan’s Emperor Hirohito announced his country’s unconditional surrender in World War II. The plutonium bomb was dropped at 11:02 that morning. it was more powerful than the one used at Hiroshima, and was built to produce a 22-kiloton blast. The Nagasaki bomb was between narrow valleys and mountains, reduced the bomb’s effect, limiting the destruction to 2.6 square miles. -
Hiroshima Bombing
The Hiroshima Bombing happened when the United States becomes the first and only nation to use atomic weaponry during wartime dropping an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima and killing 80,000 people. The dropping of the bomb on Japan marked the end of WW II, but it also ignited the Cold War. Because of this the Soviet Union also created their own nuclear weapons, which they threatened the United States with. It also affected the cold war because it started the Nuclear arms race. -
Molotov Plan
This was the system created by Soviet minister Vyacheslav Molotov to provide aid to rebuild eastern European countries that were allied with the SU.The plan was created as a response and rejection of US's Marshall plan.This plan was a system of bilateral trade agreements to create an economic alliance of socialist countries.This aid allowed countries in Europe to stop relying on American aid, and reorganize their trade to the USSR instead. It also resulted in Soviets sphere of influence. -
Truman Doctrine
An American Foreign policy created to counter Soviet geopolitical expansion during the cold war. It was also meant to allow the US to provide political, military, and economic assistance to all democratic nations that were under the threat of either internal or external authoritarian forces. -
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Brussels Treaty
The treaty was signed between Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, as an expansion to the preceding year's defence pledge. This treaty was a precursor to NATO, in the sense that it promised European countries mutual defence. -
Marshall Plan
It was an American initiative to aid western europe. The US gave 13 billion dollars to war torn countries to help rebuild after the destruction of WW2. It was meant to remove trade barriers, modernize industries, and prevent the spread of communism. The US's money was divided based off the per capita basis. The UK got 26% France got 18% and Western Germany got 11%. -
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Berlin Block Aid
The Berlin blockade happened when Stalin built a wall around Berlin, cutting off 2.1 Berliners from supplies. This was one of the first major crises of the Cold War.As a result the US landed hundreds of planes carrying supplies in Berlin over the year. Stalin did this as an effort to force US, GB and France to accept Soviets demands of postwar Germany. This caused fear for countries that bordered the SU, and they were now under particular pressure to maintain strong ties with the Soviets. -
NATO
Canada becomes a founding member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a military alliance designed to defend member countries against attack from the Soviet Union and its allies. This alliance consists of 29 countries. The NATO headquarters are located in Haren Brussels Belgium. -
Soviet Creation of Nuclear Weapons
RDS-1. RDS-1, the first Soviet atomic test was internally code-named First Lightning and was code-named by the Americans as Joe 1. The design used a TNT/hexogen implosion lens design the Soviets created their first chain reaction in a graphite structure similar to Chicago Pile-1. It would only be a matter of months before the U.S.S.R. exploded its own atomic bomb. The Soviets successfully tested their first nuclear device, called RDS-1 or "First Lightning" at Semipalatinsk on August 29, 1949. -
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Korean War
The Korean War was a war between North Korea and South Korea. Canada contributed military forces to help South Korea push back the invading communist North Korea. This affected the Cold War because it split Korea into two, and created two spheres of influences. -
Stalin's Death
He died in Kuntsevo Dacha, Moscow Russia from a stroke. His funeral was held in Red Square on March 9th in the presence of a huge crowd so large that some were crushed to death. Stalin’s veteran colleague Vyacheslav Molotov, whose wife was in a prison camp where she was known as Object Number Twelve, spoke in praise of the dead tyrant. Stalin’s body was embalmed and was presently put on display with Lenin’s corpse in the renamed Lenin-Stalin Mausoleum. -
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Vietnam War
The war divided north and south vietnam.This war was intensified by the cold war between the US and the SU. More than 3 million people were killed in the vietnam war and over half were vietnamese civilians.During WW2, Japan invaded Vietnam. To fight off both the Japanese and the French political leader Ho Chi Minh formed the LOI of Vietnam. Emperor Bao set up the state of Vietnam.north and south wanted a unified Vietnam. But while Ho wanted a communism Bao wanted close economic ties to the West. -
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Warsaw pact
The Warsaw Treaty Organization was a political and military alliance established between the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries. The Soviet Union formed this alliance as a counterbalance to NATO, a collective security alliance concluded between the United States, Canada and Western European nations.The original signatories to the Warsaw Treaty Organization were the Soviet Union, Albania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, and the German Democratic Republic. -
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Hungarian Revolution
an increase of discontent in Hungary broke out into active fighting. Rebels won the first phase of the revolution, and Imre Nagy became premier.On November 1, 1956, he declared Hungarian neutrality and appealed to the UN for support but Western powers didn't want to risk a global confrontation.On November 4 the Soviet Union invaded Hungary to stop the revolution, and Nagy was executed for treason.Stalin's totalitarianism did not return and Hungary experienced a slow movement toward some autonomy -
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NORAD
the Canadian and American governments announced the two countries would integrate their air-defence forces under a joint command at Colorado Springs, Colorado. The Cold War between the Soviet Union and western nations was underway, and both Canada and the US feared long-range Soviet attack. NORAD provides aerospace defence, which includes the detection, validation, and warning of attack against North America. -
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Fidel Castro taking over
Castro took over Cuba in 1959, and implemented social programs, arrested opposing political forces and declared himself a socialist dictator and Cuba a communist state. Castro also formed a strong relationship with the Soviet Union, which affected the relationship Cuba had had with the United States. This caused the bay of pigs and further built up tension between the Soviet Union and the United States. -
Bay of Pigs
CIA launched a full-scale invasion of Cuba by 1,400 American-trained Cubans who had fled their homes when Castro took over. However, the invasion did not go well: The invaders were badly outnumbered by Castro’s troops, and they surrendered after less than 24 hours of fighting. Castro's troops pinned the invaders on the beach. 114 people were killed and 1100 people were taken as prisoners. The bay of pigs made cuba much stronger and continued to raise tension between US and the Soviet Union -
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Creation of the Berlin Wall
Communist government built a concrete, barbed wire wall. The purpose of the wall was to keep out fascists from entering east germany and undermining the socialists state. The Soviets owned the eastern half and the other allies owned the western half. The Soviets were determined to drive the US, Britain and France out of Berlin. Within two weeks after the Premier approved the wall the police, army and construction workers had it built to stop the emigration. -
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End of the Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis was a direct and dangerous confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War, when the two superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict. Eventually this ended when they reached an agreement ending the immediate threat of nuclear war. Russian leader Khrushchev agreed to dismantle all missiles based in Cuba and ship them back to the Soviet Union in exchange for a promise from the United States to respect Cuba's territorial sovereignty. -
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Czechoslovakia Revolution
when reformist Alexander Dubček was elected to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia the Soviet Union and other members of the Warsaw Pact invaded the country to halt the reforms.The Prague Spring reforms were a strong attempt by Dubček to grant rights to the citizens of Czechoslovakia After national discussion of dividing the country into a federation of three republics, Bohemia, Moravia Silesia and Slovakia, Dubček oversaw the decision to split into two the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. -
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Afghanistan/soviet war
The war started when leaders of the SU became concerned that Afghanistan's president was having discussions with the US.On December 24, 1979 the SU invaded Afghanistan.They had Afghanistan's president killed and installed their own president.The war continued with little success, the SU's army no longer seemed invincible to the rest of the world.When Gorbachev became leader of the SU he realized the war was costing troops and hurting their economy.He signed a peace treaty to end the war in 1989. -
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Solidarity in Poland
Independent Self-governing Labour Union was founded at the Lenin Shipyard, under Lech Wałęsa power.It was the first trade union in a Warsaw Pact country that was not controlled by a communist party.Solidarity was a broad anti-bureaucratic social movement, using the methods of civil resistance to advance the causes of workers' rights and social change.The government tried to destroy the union by the martial law in Poland. but later had to negotiate with solidarity. -
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End of the Cold War
the Soviet economy faced the continuously escalating costs of the arms race. Attempted reforms at home left the Soviet Union unwilling to rebuff challenges to its control in Eastern Europe. During 1989 and 1990, the Berlin Wall came down, borders opened, and free elections ousted Communist regimes everywhere in eastern Europe. In late 1991 the Soviet Union itself dissolved into its component republics. With stunning speed, the Iron Curtain was lifted and the Cold War came to an end. -
Berlin Wall Falling
The head of the East German Communist Party announced that the GDR could cross the border. That night crowds swarmed the wall. Some crossed freely into West Berlin, while others brought hammers and picks and began to chip away at the wall itself. To this day, the Berlin Wall remains one of the most powerful and enduring symbols of the Cold War, ending the split of the communist Soviets and the western democrats in Berlin, and became one of the events that ended the Cold War.