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Dred Scott v. Sanford
Supreme Court ruled that African Americans were not citizens of the United States and therefore could not invoke lawsuits. -
13th Amendment
Abolished Slavery in the United States. -
14th Amendment
Granted citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" -
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Poll Tax
A practice most common in the Southern States that made people pay a tax in order to cast their vote in elections. This tax was mainly used to keep poor African Americans from voting. -
Plessy v Ferguson
Supreme Court Case that upheld the Constitutionality of segregation for public facilities as long as the facilities were equal in quality. It maintained the "Separate but equal" ideology -
White Primaries
Primary elections in Southern states in which only white people were permitted to vote. -
19th Amendment
Prohibits the states and the federal government from denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States on the basis of sex. -
Brown v. Board of Education
A Supreme Court case that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and admitting that separate does not lead to equality and ended segregation in public schools. -
Affirmative Action
An Executive Order that required government employers to not discriminate against any employee or applicant for employment because of race, creed, color, or national origin -
24th Amendment
Prohibited the creations of poll taxes for federal elections. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. As well as unequal application of voter registration requirements, racial segregation in schools, employment, and public accommodations -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Outlawed discriminatory voting practices such as literacy tests -
15th Amendment
Granted African Americans the right to vote. -
Reed v. Reed
A landmark case in which the Supreme Court struck down a law that discriminated against a woman. -
Equal Rights Amendment
A proposed Amendment that prohibited the denial of Civil Liberties based on sex -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
The courts held that the University's use of racial "quotas" was unconstitutional, however, it might be constitutional in some circumstances -
Bowers v. Hardwick
Supreme Court case that ruled that Sodomy has no protection from the constitution therefore any laws that the states have about Sodomy are constitutional. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
Prohibits the discrimination of people in based on a disability -
Lawrence v. Texas
A Supreme Court Case that overturned the Bowers v. Hardwick case stating that prohibiting same sex intercourse violates the Due Process Clause.
