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The Dred Scott Case
was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court held that the U.S. Constitution was not meant to include American citizenship for black people -
Emancipation Proclamation
was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863. -
13th Amendment
abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. -
14th Amendment
the amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War. -
15th Amendment
prohibits the federal government and each state from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude". -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court issued in 1896 -
Creation of the NAACP
in 1909 by an interracial group consisting of W.E.B. Du Bois, Ida Bell Wells-Barnett, Mary White Ovington, and others concerned with the challenges facing African Americans, especially in the wake of the 1908 Springfield (Illinois) Race Riot. -
19th Amendment
prohibits the states and the federal government from denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States on the basis of sex. -
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
An amendment for everyone to have the same rights no matter the sex. -
Jackie Robinson breaks the color barrier
Jackie Robinson was the first Negro baseball player. -
Brown vs The Topeka Board of Education
was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that American state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. -
The Montgomery Bus Boycott
was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama -
Little Rock Nine
was a group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957. -
“I Have a Dream” Speech
is a public speech that was delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. -
The March on Washington
was held in Washington, D.C. on Wednesday, August 28, 1963. -
Freedom Summer
was a volunteer campaign in the United States launched in June 1964 to attempt to register as many African-American voters as possible in Mississippi. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
is a landmark civil rights and labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin -
Jim Crow Laws
were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. -
Selma, Alabama Marches
were three protest marches, held in 1965, along the 54-mile highway from Selma, Alabama to the state capital of Montgomery -
NOW
is an American feminist organization founded in 1966. -
Creation of the Black Panther Party
originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, was a political organization founded by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton in October 1966 in Oakland, California -
Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
an American clergyman and civil rights leader, was fatally shot at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968, at 6:01 p.m. CST. He was rushed to St. Joseph's Hospital, where he died at 7:05 p.m. -
Title IX
is a federal civil rights law in the United States of America that was passed as part of the Education Amendments of 1972. -
Roe vs Wade
is a landmark decision issued in 1973 by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of the constitutionality of laws that criminalized or restricted access to abortions.