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13th Amendment
Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, unless it is a punishment for crime. Although slavery was abolished, all did not magically become well. Things such as "Black Codes' manifested, and white supremacy was stronger than ever. -
Poll Taxes
Was an attempt to hinder people of colors ability to vote, as a lot of them did not have the extra money to pay, just to be able to vote. -
14th Amendment
This amendment concerns equal protection laws for former slaves. This law was bitterly recjected by souther white people (states). These states were forced to ratify. -
15th Amendment
This amendment gives voting rights to African-Americans. Many southern states enforced taxes for voting and voting ID's, which of course made it difficult for African-Americans as they did not have birth certificates. -
Jim Crow Laws
These were laws the helped to segregate white people and colored people. There were separate schools, and there were multiple public places that banned colored people as a whole. -
Literacy Tests
Then, was also an attempt to hinder people of colors abilities to vote. As they did not get proper schooling, a lot of them could not read and write. -
19th Amendment
Prohibits U.S. citizens from being denied the vote to right, everywhere on the basis of sex. -
Korematsu v. United States
The Korematsu v. United States case declared that the internment of japanese peoplem regardless of citizenship, was constitutional. Fred Korematsu decided to stay in California and went to court to defend his rights. -
Sweatt v. Painter
The Sweatt v. Painter case argued with the "seperate but equal" doctrine of racial segregation establsihed in 1896 because the University of Texas would not admitt Heman Marion Sweatt, a man of color, into it's School of Law. -
Brown v. Board of Education
The Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark case that declared the segregation of students in schools to be unconstitutional an a violation of the 14th Amendment. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
First high profile rejection to segregation, which started with Rosa Parks. A black woman who refused to give up her seat to a white man. Ultimately the Supreme Court made states integrate their bus systems. -
24th Amendment
This makes states inable to deny a citizen the right to vote. The poll taxes were popular in the south, so naturally this was met with much backlash. -
Civil Rights Act
The fight for rights of ALL minorities. Religious groups, people of color, etc. The first for the end of segregation, Jim Crow, voting rights, and all. -
Voting Rights Act
The attempt/success of putting an end to poll taxes. The end to having voter identification, and the right for African-Americans, and other people of color to vote. -
RFK Speech in Indianapolis
Speech on MLK's death. He was in the midst of campaigning when news hit, and gave the speech at Notre Dame. It is considered to be one of the greatest speeches of the era. -
Reed v. Reed
The Reed v. Reed case was a fight between a separated couple who wanted the land of their deceased son. The Idaho Code originally said that "males must be preferred to females", but the case went up to the Supreme Court and it was ruled unconsitutional to discrimate against women. -
Equal Rights Amendment
The Amendment was introduced to congress in 1923 and did not pass until 1972. The Amendment proposed equal rights for women, but most importantly, the right for women to vote. -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
The Regents of the University of California v. Bakke case allowed college admissions to apply race as one of the factors of admission. -
Bowers v. Hardwick
The Bowers v. Hardwick mad oral or anal sex between homosexuals illegal and unconstitutional die to it's "ancient roots". It was aggreed by the court that homosexual sex was an unnatural crime and worse than rape. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
The Americans with Disabilities Act is a law that keeps people with disabilities form being discriminated against. The ADA disabilities include both mental and physical conditions, and does not have to be severe or permanent to be included. -
Lawrence v. Texas
The Lawrence v. Texas case declared the sodomy laws unconstitutional , and that homosexual activity was protected under sexual pricacy. -
Fisher v. Texas
The Fisher v. Texas case was brought on by an undergraduate named Abigail Fisher. She argued against the the university's ability to be race-concious in the admission process. The university won the case and was able to continue the same process. -
LGBT Rights in Indiana
Same-sex marriage has been legal since October 6, 2014, because the Supreme Court refused to appeal in the case of Baskin v. Bogan. -
Affirmative Action
Affirmative Action is a policy favoring minorities or disadvantaged people who suffer within a country or culture. The policy allows cultures to help people by providing them with emplyment equity, reservation, or positive action. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
This was a case that enforced the "separate but equal" racial segregation in public facilities, which included bathrooms, restaurants, drinking fountains, public pools, and many others places as well. It remained in use until the Brown v. Board of Education case in 1954.
