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Dred Scott V. SandFord
It was a case that the supreme court decided that the U.S Constitution did not extend American Citizenship to the people of African American descent and because of that they could not enjoy the right and privileges that the constitution gave to American citizens. -
13th Amendment
The 13th amendment was passed on 31 of January 1865 and it had to do with abolishing slavery and involuntary servitude except as a result of crime. It was Written like this" Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." -
14th Amendment
The 14th amendment told the states that they are not allowed to deprive anyone of life, liberty or property without the due process of law. It granted citizenship and equal right to African Americans who had been liberated during the American Civil War. -
15th Amendment
This amendment was passed on the 3rd day on February and it stooped the federal government from denying a citizens right to vote on the basis of race or color. In turn it gave African Americans the right to vote -
Plessy v Ferguson
It was a supreme court case that decided that racial
segregation did not violate the U.S. Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal in quality, a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal" -
19th Amendment
The 19th amendment was passed of the 4th of June 1919 and it granted women the right to vote. It banned states from denying people the right to vote based on the basis of sex. -
Voter Id Laws
The voter id laws is any U.S state law that requires voters to present proof of their identities before casting a ballot. -
Brown V. Board of education
It was a landmark decision by the U.S Supreme Court that ruled that the State laws that established racial segregation in public were unconstitutional even if the segregated school were equal in quality -
24th Amendment
The 24 Amendment was passed on the 24th day of January and it banned states from requiring payment of a poll tax as a condition for voting in federal elections -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The civil right act was passed on the 2nd day of July in 1964 and was enacted by the 88th United states congress. it outlawed discrimination based on color, race and national origin -
Voting RIghts Act of 1965
This was signed into law on the 6th of august in the year 1965. It outlawed discriminatory voting practices adopted by the southern states of the united states after the civil war including the literacy tests that were a prerequisite to vote. -
Affirmative Action
Affirmative action refers to the use of policies, legislation, programs, and procedures aimed at improving educational or employment opportunities for members of certain demographic groups. These groups may include minority groups, women, and older people. -
Equal Right Amendment
The equal rights amendment was proposed on the 22nd of march 1971 and if added to the constitution it would prohibit discrimination on the basis of sex. -
Title IX
Title IX is the commonly used name that was enacted as part of the Education Amendments of 1972. It banned sec based discrimination in any Government school or any education program that receives funding from the government. -
Regents of the University of California V. Bakke
It was a case by the supreme court that dealt with whether preferential treatment for minorities could reduce educational opportunities for whites without violating the Constitution. It was decided that affirmative action will be upheld which allows race to be one of the several factors in college admission policy. -
Bowers V Hardwick
It was a case that was decided by the supreme court on the 30th of June 1986 . It was decided that the fourteenth amendment does not protect sodomy and that states could outlaw those practices. -
Americans With Disabilities Act
It was the world first comprehensive civil rights law for people with disabilities. President George bush signed it. It prohibits discrimination based on disability -
Shelby County V Holder
It was case by the supreme court and on the 25th of June 2013 the supreme court decided that they would remove the requirement for federal approval before states can decide on changing their voting laws. The court said it was unconstitutional because what was used to decide the states that required approval was outdated. -
Obergefell V. Hodges
This is a case that was decided by the supreme court. It was ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution