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Secession of Virginia
-fall united the North
-April 17, Virginia unwilling to fight against southern states
-most heavily populated state in the south and most industrialized
- In may, 3 states followed Virginia bringing numbers of confederates to 11.
-antislavery
-comitted to the union as west Virginia in 1863
-4 remaining slave states remained in the union, although citizens fought back for confederacy -
Ft. Sumter
Jefferson Davis who faced a dilemma. If he order to attack on Fort Sumter, he would peacefully be sent to war. But then, Davis chose war at 4:30 am. Charleston city thought that fireworks went off and cheered at it. -
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Battle at Bull Run
-1st bloodshed after 3 months after Fort Sumner fell.
-30,000 inexperienced soldiers Union Soldiers traveling to the Confederate capital at Richmond came upon equally inexperienced army camped near a creek of Bull Run.
-the battle was a seesaw affair.
-stone wall jackson was renamed by General Thomas J. Jackson
- 1st victory for the south
Union troops retreated to the capital -
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Battle of Shiloh
-Gathered his troops near a small Tennessee church named Shiloh closed to Mississippi border.
-April 6, thousands suprised the Union forces.
-Union troops were shot while making coffee and some died when sleeping,
-Grant reorganized his troops to attack back at dawn on the same day.
-midafternoon the confederate forces retreat.
the battle taught both sides a strategic lesson.
1/4 of the battle's 100,000 troops were killed, wounded, or captured. -
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Battle at Richmond
Lee was very different from McClellan. Lee's determanation and unorthodox tactics so unnerved that he backed away from Richmond and headed down the peninsula to the sea. Lee moved against the enemy's capital . troops won at the 2nd battle of bull run. few days later, crossed Potomac to the union state of Maryland. 1 Potomac river town described the Starving Confederate troops. -
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Battle of Antietam 345
creek called Antietam. bloodiest battle in american history. Casualties totaled more than 26,000, the battle standoff with the south lost 1/4 of its men, retreated the next day across the Potomac into Virginia. -
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Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln issue it. it did not free slaves immediately because of confederate lines and outside union control. it had immense symbolic importance. it gave a high moral purpose to struggle into fighting for free the slaves. Henry Turner free born African American. not everyone in the north approve. the democrates claimed that it would only prolong the war by antagonizing the south. -
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Battle at Gettysburg
no one planned to fight there. Confederate soldiers led by A.P. Hill. Hill's troops marched towards gettysgurg, they ran into the Union calvalry under the command of John Butford, an experienced officer from Illinois. -
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Gettysburg Address 361
the speaker who talked is Edward Everett, a noted orator, who gave a flowery 2hr oration. was made by lincoln's speech -
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Surrender at Appomattox: 362-365
on April 2, there was a news that Lee and his troops had been overcoming by Grant's forces at Petersburg. President Davis and his gov. abandoned their capital. the fire fighting destroyed 900 buildings and damaged hundreds more by the union troops.confederate surrender on April 9, 1865, in a Virginia village called Appomattox court house. within 2 months all remaining confederate resistance collapsed. after 4 long years, at tremendous human and economic costs, the civil war was over. -
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The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
five days after Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Lincoln and his wife went to Ford's Theatre in Washington to see a British comedy. During the 3rd act, a silently opened the unguarded doors to the presidential box. he crept behind Lincoln, raised a pistol, and fired, hitting the president in the back of the head. he died at 7:22 am the following morning. 1st pres to be assassinated.