Atomic Structure

  • 400 BCE

    Democritus

    • Democritus was the first person to suggest that all matter was composed of tiny particles called atoms.
    • This term comes from the Greek word “atoms” meaning indivisible. (cannot be divided)
  • John Dalton

    • John Dalton described atoms as being solid indivisible spheres.
    • Dalton’s atoms were not made up of smaller particles.
  • J.J. Thompson

    • J.J. Thompson proposed the “plum pudding” model of the atom.
    • Thompson’s atoms were spheres (“pudding”) with a positive charge, studded with negative particles. (“plums”)
  • Ernest Rutherford

    • Ernest Rutherford proposed the planetary model of the atom.
    • In this model, electrons orbit protons in the nucleus like planets orbit the Sun.
  • Niels Bohr

    • The Niels Bohr model of the atom consisted of successive shells of electrons orbiting the nucleus.
  • James Chadwick

    • James Chadwick discovered the neutron. Neutrons are located in the nucleus of atoms with protons.