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Period: 200 BCE to
Mesoamerican Empires
The Aztecs were famous for their agriculture, cultivating, introducing irrigation, draining swamps, and creating artificial islands in the lakes. They had a Polytheism religion when believing in more than one god. They did sacrifices to the gods, which they believed made the crops grew. the mayans are known for there calendars and hieroglyphic writing and there temples. mayans died without a trace and the aztecs died from diseases from the spansih. -
Period: 618 to 1279
Tang and Song Dynasties
This age was considered to be the golden age of china. They invented many inventions still used today such as paper money, magnetic compasses, porcelain, etc. During this time china lost control of the silk road so they realized on ocean trade. Buddhism became the main religion during this time. this era ended when the military couldn't withstand the military overthrow from the jin dynasty. -
Period: 750 to 1258
Abbasid Caliphate
An Islamic dynasty that focused on the expansion of the islamic empire. they spread islam through the middle east. Named the golden era of islam due to the advancements in mathematic and science during its time. Capital was baghdad and it was wealthy due to the trade. the reign ended due to the turks. -
Period: 1000 to
Feudalism in Europe
A new form of government came around when the fall of central governments called feudalism. This form of government worked based of a distribution of land and wealth. The king would give out land to the nobles and the nobles would give land out to serfs to pay them almost like a pyramid. Feudalism resulted in poor economic growth. All that changed was the king had more power now that no one believed in the chaotic church from the black plague. -
Period: 1206 to 1368
Mongol Empire
The second largest land empire in history and last from the 13th century till the 14th century. Founded by Genghis Khan, the mongol empire took over many countries and land. they eventually took over the silk road and made it a safe place for travellers to trade or migrate. This was great for cultural exchange and trade between the East, West, and the Middle East. the end of the empire was based on the separation of four separate empires, or khanates, making them weak. -
Period: 1210 to 1526
Delhi Sultanate
Located in norther india, capital was delhi. Converted many indians to muslim but most didn't convert. They convinced most to convert by setting a law of muslims not having to pay higher tax. Created by the turks in pakistan. Known for the destruction of hindu architecture and building muslim inspired buildings. -
Period: 1235 to
Mali Empire
the empire was located in west africa.The trans saharan trade made mali rich i wealth. this is because it was in a prime location with the gold trade from the west and the salt trade from the north east. the transaharn trade helped spread islam and the mali empire was smack dab in the middle just to accumulate the wealth. -
Period: 1279 to 1368
Yuan Dynasty
This dynasty was the shortest out of all chinese dynasties but had one of the biggest impacts. this was the first foreign- led dynasty. Kublai Khan believed that foreigners were more trustworthy and could lead china without a biased opinion. civil outbreaks began to happen once the mongol empire fell of who would lead and that was when the next dynasty became in charge. -
Period: 1299 to 1453
Ottoman empire
DescriptionThe Ottoman Empire was a state and caliphate that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa The Ottomans were known for their achievements in art, science and medicine. The Ottomans were an Islamic state. It ended the Byzantine Empire with the 1453 conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed the Conqueror. -
Period: 1300 to
European Renaissance
Known as the rebirth of europe. The renaissance was sparked by the idea of humanism. Humanism promoted the idea that man was the center of his own universe, and people should embrace human achievements in education, classical arts, literature and science. Many art pieces were produced during this time and also many scientific discovers. -
Period: 1347 to
Bubonic Plague
This was the most common form of the plague and got its name from the swollen areas (called buboes) that develop when a person is infected.killed around 50 to 60 percent of people who have been infected. It killed around 50 to 60 percent of people who have been infected. It would typically kill its victim within a week but some people were able to recover from the disease. spread by the fleas on rats and since the conditions were poor back then it was spread rapidly. -
Period: 1368 to
Ming Dynasty
Became in power by overthrowing the yuan dynasty. The empire wanted to go back to the traditional ways and brought back the civil service exam. Eliminated trade and expanded agriculture. During this dynasty the capital was relocated to what now is Beijing. Banned foreigners and wanted to isolate china. -
Period: 1492 to
Spanish Colonial Empire
The spanish Empire was one of the largest empires in history. It was also one of the first Global emperors, The Spanish Empire became known as "the empire on which the sun never sets" because it owned so much land around the world. There goal was to spread Catholicism. It led European exploration of the world, and set trade routes across seas. -
Period: 1512 to
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire ruled most of India and Pakistan. The Mughals were Muslims who ruled a country with a large Hindu majority. The emeriors grew out of descendants of the Mongol Empire who were living in Turkestan. They expanded india and united leftover countries from the Mongol empire and united them into a larger india. they also grew a strong army and strong trade relationships. -
Period: 1517 to
The Reformation
The Reformation was a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches. It started with Martin Luther and his 95 thesis. He went against the catholic churches indulgences and ended up protesting what the bible says and turned people against the catholic church. -
Period: 1526 to
Atlantic Slave Trade
Also known as the transatlantic slave trade, the Atlantic slave trade was known for shipping enslaved africans across the seas mainly to the americas. It can be explained as the triangle trade route because you would start in africa and take the slaves across the ocean to the new world. The new foods and supplies would go back to europe from america and finally the europeans would send down resources to africa. -
Period: to
Age of Exploration
This was where European ships traveled around the world to search for new trading routes and partners to embark on capitalism in Europe. The would travel to new lands and build colonies and ship back food and supplies to help the motherland back in europe.
The three main reasons for exploration was economy, religion and glory. They wanted to improve their economy for instance by acquiring more spices, gold, and better and faster trading routes. -
Period: to
Tokugawa Shogunate
The Tokugawa Shogunate defined modern Japanese history by centralizing the power of the nation's government and uniting its people. Life in Japan was peaceful under the control of the government. They banned christianity from japan, and were exiled or killed if caught. Tokugawa isolated the country and never let foreigners in, but eventually they let traders into the country. Eventually the emperors died and tried to stop forigorns but failed. -
Period: to
Qing Dynasty
This is the last dynasty to rule china and wasn't a native rule either. This dynasty carried on the isolation rules but didn't have death penalties against them, so they aren't as strict. Expanded china's territory. Confucianism and buddhism and civil service exam remained, but arts flourished. Trade was also allowed again. -
Period: to
Portuguese Trading Post Empire
The Portuguese goals was not to conquer territories, but to control trade routes by forcing merchant vessels to call at fortified trading sites and pay duties there. They were equipped with heavy artillery and were able to over power most other ships that they encountered. They had made over 50 trading post in just a couple of years. -
Period: to
The Enlightenment
A European intellectual movement in which ideas concerning God, reason, nature, and humanity were out into forms of art, philosophy, and politics. This caused citizens to hate absolute monarchy because they stopped believing god picked one person. This eventually caused a downfall to all Kingdoms. -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Europe and the United States. Many people worked in poor conditions in factories. people worked long hours and child labor was still a practice then. New ways of travel were introduced including railroads, steam boats, and automobiles. During the revolution, people moved to the cities to work in factories. Cities grew and became overcrowded, unsanitary, and polluted. -
Period: to
American Revolution
This was the first successful revolution by a colony against the motherland. It showed people could overthrow a corrupt government and successfully lead themselves.The war was sparked by enlightenment concepts. This revolution also sparked many countries to go against their motherland as well. -
Period: to
French Revolution
The French Revolution was a period of time in France when the people overthrew the monarchy and took control of the government. France was having poor harvest and many citizens were starving making them angry at the government. The french revolution was not successful because they couldn't produced a stable government afterwards. This revolution also led to the rise of nationalism within countries. -
Period: to
Haitian Revolutions
Known as the largest and most successful slave rebellion. Led by Toussaint l’Overture they killed around 24,000 of the slave owners. since the ratio of alves was 10-1 they were easily able to out number them. the slaves that got away ran to the mountains. -
Period: to
Tanzimat Reforms
The Tanzimat was a period of reform in the Ottoman Empire. the goal was to modernize, to consolidate the social and political foundations of the Ottoman Empire. they made reforms such as: Economic Reforms, Political and Legal Changes, and Educational reforms.The reforms focused heavily on the educational, by creating many new colleges and universities like the ones is west europe. -
Period: to
Sepoy Mutiny
The Sepoy Mutiny was a violent and very bloody uprising against British rule in India. Was considered the first outbreak of an independence movement against British rule. New cartridges were wrapped in paper, which had been coated in grease which made the cartridges easier to load in rifle barrels. Rumors began to spread that the grease used to make the cartridges was made from pigs and cows, which was offensive to Muslims and Hindus. causing them to rebel against the british. -
Period: to
Meiji Revolution
This was the end of the Tokugawa shogunate. The point of the Meiji Revolution was to be restoring imperial rule to strengthen Japan against the threat of being colonized represented by the colonial powers of the day. No one was allowed to leave the country and if you did it was a death penalty for fear that japan would be taken over instead of modernizing on its own.. This era brought back modernization and strength to japan.