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Period: Aug 24, 1521 to
Africans were transported
The first people of African ancestry to migrate into what is now the western United States originated from Central Mexico, to which 200,000 Africans were forcibly transported. -
Compromise
Isabel de Olivera compromised a majority of the founders of Los Angeles. -
Independence
Mexico declared its independence from Spain -
The Third Annual Convention
the Third Annual Convention for the Improvement of the Free People of Color considered the colonization of West Africa. -
Texas Revolutionaries
Texas revolutionaries crushed the aspirations of free blacks and runaways when they transformed the new Republic of Texas into a vast slaveholding empire. -
Period: to
Black Population
The black population of the western states grew from 196,000 to 1,787,000. -
Homestead Act
The Homestead Act applied to Kansas and other western states and territories: settlers - regardless of their race or gender - could pay a small filing fee and receive 160 acres from the federal government. -
Period: to
African - Americans Southerners
Some thirty thousand migrants settled in the state, Kansas was the closest western state to the Old south that allowed blacks to homestead around this time. -
White Developer
A white developer, together with six prospective black homesteaders from the South, founded the town of Nicodemus. They envisioned a self-sustaining, self-governing black agricultural community on the Kansas frontier -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation and was among the first to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment. -
M & G
A few hundred people settled in Morris and Graham counties - the vanguard of some six thousand Southern African Americans who would join the exodus to Kansas. -
Migration
Although migration from Texas, Mississippi, and Louisiana continued after 1880, it never reached the level of the spring and summer of 1879. -
Indian Territory
African Americans, mainly from Arkansas and Tennessee, also migrated into Indian Territory, where they became farmers on land they could not legally own it until this year. -
Southern Pacific
The Southern Pacific Railroad brought two thousand black laborers to break a strike of Mexican American construction workers, doubling the size of the community. Intense inter-ethnic rivalry resulted and, today, still lingers -
Combine
, the combined black population of the five largest western cities was only eighteen thousand: just one-fifth of the number living in Washington, D.C., at the time. -
1940s
The West's black population grew by 443,000 (33 percent), with most of the newcomers settling in the coastal cities of California, Oregon, and Washington. -
African Americans
. By 1947, thousands of African Americans who had been "essential workers" during the war were unemployed and roamed the streets of Los Angeles, Oakland, and Portland. -
Women
, more than half remained in domestic service, but a few were beginning to work as clerks, stenographers, and secretaries. -
Watts Uprising
in Los Angeles, it was clear that racial discrimination in employment, housing, and public schools had made the region remarkably similar to the rest of the nation.
