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Industrious Revolution- Women
The Industrious Revolution was during the early 18th century. During the Industrious Revolution, women began to work in labor jobs. They made money for their families. However, they did not make very much money. This was different from Europe in the past. In the past women would work in the house and take care of the kids. Now women would work labor jobs to make money. -
Agricultural Revolution
The agricultural revolution, during the mid 17th to the 19th centuries, was when people began to come up with new farming techniques. One example is how people rotated their crops. This led to a better economy as more food was made so their was more to sell. This is different from previous European years as there were advances in farming. It was also similar as it showed how people continued to farm to live. -
Flying Shuttle
John Kay created the flying shuttle. This was a better loom that allowed goods to be made faster. This helped the economy as people could make more goods, faster. This technology was new to Europe and had not been created before. However, it does show continuity as people kept creating new technology to better their lives such as they had done in the past. -
Population growth
During the 18th century, the population grew dramatically. This was due to better public health, food safety, and better transportation. This population growth caused an imbalance between people and jobs. Not everyone could work in agriculture so they turned to new jobs such as manufacturing goods. This was a change from European past as originally the population was not very large and jobs were mostly agriculture-based. -
Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War, from 1756- 1763, was between England and France. It was a fight for land in the Americas. Britain won and expanded their land in the Americas. This greatly impacted their economy as they now had a larger trading empire and made more money. This was different from the past as Britain did not have this much land and this large trading empire before now. -
Enclosure Acts
Parliament passed many enclosure acts. This cause many farmers to lose common lands and have to start looking for wage work. Many English also couldn't get wool from sheep as they didn't have their lands which hurt the textile industry. Enclosure was different from the past as lands were originally open and used by all and during the enclosure movement lands became fenced off and owned by individuals. Enclosure acts happened throughout the 18th and 19th centuries but mostly during 1760-1815. -
Cottage Industry
The cottage industry was a system where people began to make manufactured goods. It was a form of wage work many began to do after losing their farms. The cottage industry had begun in the 1500s in England and France so it wasn't new. However, making manufactured goods became more popular during the 18th century. The cottage industry soon became the main economic system in Europe. -
Adam Smith
Adam Smith came up with the idea of Liberalism. This is the idea that free competition would benefit all. This led to domestic reforms for some countries' economies. This also led to merchants calling for a free market. This was a new idea so it was different from previous European ideas. However, it shows the effects of the Enlightenment and how people kept forming new ideas. -
Atlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic Slave trade was the transport of slaves to the New World which peaked in the 1780's. Europeans did this so that they would have plenty of free labor on plantations. This allowed them to make money from the crops grown over there. The Atlantic Slave trade had been happening for a while at this point. It was not uncommon for black people to be used as slaves. -
Smallpox Vaccine
During the 18th century, the smallpox vaccine was created. This was a huge step for medicine. It also caused the death rate to lower and the population to increase. This was different from previous years as for starters, medicine was not as advanced. There was also less population growth in the past due to disease that Europeans could not prevent.
