-
1067
Wales
1067 – some of William the Conqueror’s followers invaded Wales, and it took over two centuries of fighting and resistance before Wales submitted to the English crown in 1284. -
Jun 15, 1215
Magna Carta signed
-
1284
Wales submits to England in 1284
The Welsh fought on, attacking the lumbering English knights and disappearing into the woods and hills, spurring Edward to clear paths through the woods. In a significant blow to their cause, Llywelyn was killed in a skirmish with an English foot soldier, and his severed head was then sent off to be shown in London as proof of his death. The revolt faltered but sustained itself for several months. With the death of their leader, uncertainty set in and the Welsh eventually submitted -
1336
The 100-year War
A long conflict that pitted the kings and kingdoms of France and England against each other from 1336 to 1453. Two factors at the origin of the conflict: first, the status of the duchy of Guyenne (or Aquitaine)-though it belonged to the kings of England, it remained a fief of the French crown, and the kings of England wanted independent possession; second, as the closest relatives of the last direct Capetian king, the kings of England from 1337 claimed the crown of France. -
1348
The Black Death
The Black Death arrived in England in 1348 Spread of the Black Death in Europe and the Near East (1346–1353)
The Black Death, also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or simply the Plague, was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351 -
1453
100-Year War Ends
1453 The 100-year war has come to an end. The war lasted from 1336 until this date, which is more than 100 years. The war was between England and France. The war was about taking over then French throne, because the royal family in France had all died -
1455
Start of War of the Roses – 1455
A civil war that lasted 30 years. The war is called War of the Roses because both warring parties had roses as their emblem. Eventually, the house of Tudor ended up winning the war, and thereby, control of the throne. -
Period: 1455 to 1485
The Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses is the name of a war in England that lasted from May 22, 1455 to August 22, 1485. The wars were between The House of Lancaster, associated with a red rose, and the House of York, whose symbol was a white rose. -
Period: 1485 to
Tudor England
The Tudor period is the period between 1485 and 1603 in England and Wales and includes the Elizabethan period during the reign of Elizabeth I until 1603. The Tudor period coincides with the dynasty of the House of Tudor in England whose first monarch was Henry VII (1457–1509). -
1509
Henry VIII
-
1532
English Reformation
-
1534
Church of England
-
1534
The Treasons Act
The Treasons Act 1534 was an Act passed by the Parliament of England in 1534, during the reign of King Henry VIII. This Act was passed after the Act of Supremacy 1534, which made the king the "Only Head of the Church of England on Earth so far as the Law of God allows." The 1534 Act made it treason, punishable by death, to disavow the Act of Supremacy. -
Nov 17, 1558
Queen Elizabeth 1
Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death on 24 March 1603 -
English Civil War
-
Treaty of Union
Treaty of Union 1707, the act of agreement in which Scotland were to join Great Britain with England and Wales -
First steam engine invented
Thomas Newcomen made his atmospheric engine powered by steam and used to pump flood water out of a mine. This was the first of its kind external combustion steam engine that used a piston. The engine required a lot of energy to operate and was not very efficient. The steam engine was behind advanced inventions in textiles and transport; and was one of the primary causes for the transition from human power to machine power. -
Period: to
The Industrial revolution
Modern industry. Large-scale manufacturing by machines in factories replaces work of individuals.
Transformed rural, agricultural Britain into the urban, industrialized country we see today. The Industrial Revolution was a period when new sources of energy, such as coal and steam, were used to power new machines designed to reduce human labor and increase production. The move to a more industrial society would forever change the face of labor. -
British victory in the battle of Plassey
1750, India accounted for close to 25 percent of the world GDP. Centuries of prosperity had made it an extremely wealthy nation. With the East India Company being formed in 1600, cotton started gaining popularity in Britain and by 1664, the Company was importing a quarter of a million pieces into Britain. The demand kept rising well into the 18th century and beyond. -
Spinning Jenny
The Spinning Jenny was a multi spindle spinning frame invented by James Hargreaves in Stanhill, Lancashire in England. It was one of the first and key inventions of the First Industrial Revolution in Britain that powered its cotton textile industry. The Spinning Jenny was crucial to the development of the cotton industry, which was the biggest driver of the Industrial Revolution. 1768, a group of spinners fearing unemployment broke into Hargreaves’ house and destroyed his spinning jenny machines -
Richard Arkwright opens his first factory at Cromford
Richard Arkwright was a shrewd businessman, innovator and among the leading entrepreneurs of 18th century Britain.Arkwright is widely credited with being the brain behind the modern factory system. People worked twelve hours a day, six days a week. There were strict rules; like “Any person found whistling at work fined one shilling“ and “Any person found with their window open fined one shilling“. Arkwright attained fabulous success and his model was replicated all around. -
1776 – the colonists had had enough
-
Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin
In the late 18th century, the mechanization of spinning in England had created a vast market for raw cotton, a plant that was not indigenous to Britain. made removing the seeds from cotton extremely easy; a process that had previously been extremely labour intensive. The cotton gin made the cotton industry in America extremely profitable. -
Queen Victoria
-
Period: to
The Victorian era
-
The Slavery Abolition Act
1838 - The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 entered into force.
The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. IV c. 73) abolished slavery throughout the British Empire. This Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom expanded the jurisdiction of the Slave Trade Act 1807 which made the purchase or ownership of slaves illegal within the British Empire. -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution Norway
-
Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, and his wife, had decided to inspect Austro-Hungarian troops in Bosnia. The date chosen for the inspection was a national day in Bosnia. The Black Hand supplied a group of students with weapons for an assassination attempt to mark the occasion. A Serbian nationalist student, Gavrilo Princip, assassinated the Austrian Archduke Ferdinand and his wife, when their open car stopped at a corner on its way out of the town. -
Period: to
World War I
The first great war. -
World War I Begins
Germany invades Belgium, beginning World War I. -
Kristallnacht/Crystal Night
Between the 9th and 10th of November in 1938 in Germany, the Nazi German government started implementing acts of violence against the Jewish population and violating their property. The name reflects on the large amounts of glass broken from the Jewis-owed stores.
Alternativer -
The invasion of Poland
The Invasion of Poland is also known as the September Campaign and marked the begging of World War 2. The invasion began on 1 September and on the 17th of September the Soviets also joined. The polish army was quickly defeated. In response to this aggressive attack from Germany, France and Great Britain declared war against Germany. -
Britain Declares war on Germany
Britain could no longer tolerate Germanys many invasions, so they declared war on the Germans, along with France. -
Period: to
The Blitz
The Blitz was the strategic bombing campaign the Germans conducted against London and other cities in England. They targeted populated areas, docks and factories. It started with an attack on London, by the german airforce, Luftwaffe. -
Germany Invades Norway
-
The Battle of Narvik
The two naval battles in the Ofotfjord on 10th and 13th April of were fought between the BRN and the NG’s Kriegsmarine, while the two-month long campaign was fought between Norwegian, French, British and Polish troops against German troops. Germany's troops were defeated at sea off Narvik and lost control of the town.This was the first real loss for NG but when British, French and Polish forces were moved out of the country, the germans pushed back and eventually regain control. -
Blietzkrig
Hitler launched his blitzkrieg (lightning war) against Holland and Belgium. Rotterdam was bombed almost to extinction. Both countries were occupied. -
Period: to
Battle of Stalingrad
A key battle in ww2. Won by the allies and a big turning point in the war. -
Period: to
El Almein
The second riot in El Alamein was a remarkable turning-point in world war two. This riot stopped the axis powers from taking over Egypt, controlling the Suez-canal and to get excess to the Middle East’s oilfields. The defeat marked the end of the axis powers expansion of Africa. -
D-Day
The allies launched an attack on Germany’s forces in Normandy, Western France. Thousands of transports carried an invasion army under the supreme command of general Eisenhower to the Normandy beaches. The Germans who had been fed false information about a landing near Calais, rushed troops to the area but were unable to prevent the allies from forming a solid bridgehead. For the allies it was essential to first capture a port. -
Bombing of Hiroshima
USA dropped the first atombomb over Hiroshima 6 of august 1945. The bomb and it was named the “Little Boy” created a huge shockwave, and the surface temperature rise to over 4000 Celsius. The shockwave melted vehicles, structures and it turned humans and animals to dust. Over 100,000 people died when the bomb was dropped, Others were killed by the deadly radiation, or direct from the shockwave. By the end of 1945 had over 150,000 people died of the 350,000 inhabitants of Hiroshima.
